The See Greece guide to the island of Kefalonia with a brief history and travel information on how to get there by ferry or by air and what to see and do.
Introduction
Kefalonia (or Cephalonia) is the largest of the Ionian Islands, a stunning Greek paradise known for its dramatic landscapes, crystal-clear waters, and charming villages. From breathtaking beaches to rich history and mouthwatering cuisine, Kefalonia offers an unforgettable Mediterranean escape.
This guide covers everything you need to know before visiting, including:
– Where Kefalonia is located
– A brief history of the island
– Top things to see and do
– Best time to visit
– How to get there (by air and ferry)
Where is Kefalonia?
Kefalonia is part of the Ionian Islands, off Greece’s western coast in the Ionian Sea. It lies between the islands of Zakynthos (Zante) to the south and Lefkada to the north. The closest mainland Greek city is Patras, about a 2.5-hour ferry ride away.
The island spans 781 km² (301 sq mi) and has a population of around 35,000 people. Its capital, Argostoli, is the main hub for tourism, shopping, and dining.
A Brief History of Kefalonia
Kefalonia has a rich and turbulent history shaped by various civilizations:
Ancient Times
– Inhabited since Paleolithic times, Kefalonia was part of the Mycenaean civilization.
– The island was named after King Cephalus, a mythological figure.
– It was later controlled by the Romans and Byzantines.
Medieval & Venetian Rule
– The island was frequently attacked by pirates, Normans, and Ottomans.
– The Venetians ruled from the 15th to 18th centuries, leaving behind fortresses and Italian-influenced architecture.
Modern Era
– Briefly under French and British rule in the 19th century before joining Greece in 1864.
– Devastated by a massive earthquake in 1953, which destroyed most historic buildings.
– Today, Kefalonia thrives on tourism, agriculture (olives, wine), and fishing.
What to See & Do on Kefalonia
1. Explore Stunning Beaches
Kefalonia is famous for its turquoise waters and golden sands. Must-visit beaches include:
– Myrtos Beach – One of Greece’s most photographed beaches, with dramatic cliffs.
– Antisamos Beach – A pebbly paradise surrounded by lush hills (featured in Captain Corelli’s Mandolin).
– Xi Beach – Unique red sand and clay cliffs.
– Petani Beach – A quieter alternative to Myrtos, with incredible sunsets.
2. Visit Melissani Cave & Drogarati Cave
– Melissani Cave – A magical underground lake where sunlight creates dazzling blue hues.
– Drogarati Cave – An impressive stalactite-filled cavern with excellent acoustics.
3. Discover Argostoli (The Capital)
– Walk along Lithostroto, the main pedestrian street.
– See the Koutavos Lagoon, home to loggerhead turtles.
– Visit the Archaeological Museum to learn about Kefalonia’s ancient past.
4. Explore Assos & Fiskardo
– Assos – A picturesque fishing village with a Venetian castle.
– Fiskardo – A charming, earthquake-surviving village with colorful houses and upscale dining.
5. Hike Mount Ainos
– Greece’s only national park on an island, home to rare fir trees.
– The summit offers panoramic views of the Ionian Sea.
6. Wine Tasting & Local Cuisine
– Sample Robola wine, a local specialty.
– Try Kefalonian meat pie, fresh seafood, and mandoles (caramelized almonds).
7. Day Trip to Ithaca
– Just a short ferry ride away, Ithaca is the legendary home of Odysseus.
Best Time to Visit Kefalonia
Peak Season (June – August)
– Pros: Best weather, all attractions open, vibrant nightlife.
– Cons: Crowded, higher prices.
Shoulder Season (May, September – October)
– Pros: Warm weather, fewer tourists, lower prices.
– Cons: Some businesses may close by late October.
Off-Season (November – April)
– Pros: Peaceful, cheapest time to visit.
– Cons: Cooler weather, limited ferry/air connections, many hotels closed.
Best overall time: May-June & September for perfect weather without the crowds.
How to Get to Kefalonia
By Air
– Kefalonia International Airport (EFL) serves direct flights from:
– UK (London, Manchester, Bristol, etc.) – Seasonal charters.
– Athens – Year-round flights (45 min).
– Other European cities (Germany, Netherlands, Italy).
By Ferry
Kefalonia has three main ports:
1. Argostoli (main port)
2. Poros (closest to mainland Greece)
3. Sami (most scenic, near Melissani Cave)
From Mainland Greece:
– Patras/Kyllini to Poros or Argostoli (2.5-3.5 hrs).
– Zakynthos to Pesada or Argostoli (1-1.5 hrs).
From Italy:
– Ferries from Brindisi/Bari to Patras, then onward to Kefalonia.
Inter-Island Ferries:
– Ithaca, Lefkada, Corfu (seasonal routes).
Final Tips for Visiting Kefalonia
✔ Rent a car – Public transport is limited; driving lets you explore hidden gems.
✔ Book ferries in advance in peak season.
✔ Try local dishes like kreatopita (meat pie) and bourbourelia (fish stew).
✔ Respect nature – Many beaches are protected nesting sites for sea turtles.
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