Meteora
The See Greece guide to visiting the monasteries of Meteora, with information about each monastery and the best way to visit, by car, on foot or by guided tour.
Meteora is one of the world’s most extraordinary spiritual and cultural landscapes, a place where nature and faith meet in breath-taking harmony. Six active monasteries perch on the top or the sides of towering sandstone pillars, each with its own history, treasures, and atmosphere.
Visiting them requires some planning, but whether by car, on foot, or with a guided tour, the journey is unforgettable. Kalambaka, the town at the foot of Meteora, is the ideal base for exploring this UNESCO World Heritage site. Another option is the city of Trikala, about a half-hour or so away from Meteora.
Introduction to Meteora
Meteora, meaning “suspended in the air,” is located in Thessaly. The rock formations rise dramatically from the plain, shaped over millions of years by geological forces. From the 11th century onward, hermit monks sought refuge here, eventually building monasteries on the cliffs in the 14th and 15th centuries.
At its peak, Meteora had more than twenty monasteries, with up to 400 monks living there. Today, six monasteries remain active and open to visitors with a mix of about fifty monks and nuns.
Visiting Meteora is not only about admiring architecture but also experiencing the serenity of a place where human devotion blends with natural grandeur. The monasteries are accessible by road and footpaths, and guided tours, either booked locally or from Athens, offer historical context and logistical ease.
It’s a four-hour drive from Athens, so be prepared for a long but rewarding day. It’s true to say that there is nowhere else on earth like Meteora.
The Six Monasteries of Meteora
- The Monastery of Great Meteoron
The Great Meteoron Monastery is the largest and oldest of Meteora’s monasteries, founded in the 14th century by Saint Athanasios the Meteorite. Built atop the highest rock, it dominates the landscape.
Inside, visitors find a remarkable katholikon (main church) dedicated to the Transfiguration of Christ, adorned with 16th-century frescoes that exemplify post-Byzantine art. The monastery also houses a museum with manuscripts, icons, and relics, offering insight into monastic life and scholarship.
Visiting Great Meteoron requires climbing a series of stone steps carved into the rock. It is moderately accessible, though those with mobility issues may find it challenging.
- The Monastery of Varlaam
Founded in the mid-16th century, Varlaam Monastery is the second largest at Meteora. It was established by two brothers, Theophanes and Nektarios Apsarades, who carried materials up the cliffs using ropes and pulleys. The katholikon is dedicated to All Saints and features frescoes by the renowned painter Frangos Katelanos. Varlaam’s museum displays manuscripts, vestments, and religious artifacts.
Varlaam sits close to Great Meteoron, making it convenient to visit both in succession, provided they are both open as the monasteries rotate their opening hours. Access involves climbing steps, but the ascent is less demanding than Great Meteoron. Visitors often combine Varlaam with Rousanou in a single day. Walking between Varlaam and Great Meteoron is feasible for those who enjoy hiking.
- The Monastery of Rousanou (St. Barbara)
Rousanou Monastery, dedicated to St. Barbara, is perched on a slender rock and appears precariously balanced. It was founded in the 16th century and later restored in the 20th century. Today, it is inhabited by nuns, who maintain the monastery with devotion. The katholikon is decorated with frescoes depicting scenes of martyrdom and resurrection, reflecting the resilience of faith.
Rousanou is one of the most accessible monasteries, with a relatively short climb compared to others. It is popular among visitors who prefer a less strenuous ascent. Guided tours often highlight Rousanou’s unique position and its role as a convent. Walking paths connect Rousanou to Varlaam and St. Nicholas Anapausas, making it ideal for those exploring on foot.
- The Monastery of St. Nicholas Anapausas
The Monastery of St. Nicholas Anapausas is the smallest of the six, built in the early 16th century. Despite its size, it is renowned for its frescoes by Theophanes the Cretan, one of the most important icon painters of the era. The frescoes depict vivid biblical scenes, including the Last Judgment, with striking detail and emotional intensity. The monastery’s compact design reflects the limited space on top of its narrow rock.
Access to St. Nicholas Anapausas involves a steep climb, but the effort is rewarded with intimate surroundings and exceptional art. It is often the first monastery encountered when entering Meteora from Kalambaka.
- The Monastery of Holy Trinity
The Holy Trinity Monastery is one of the most dramatic, perched on a solitary pillar with panoramic views of the valley. Founded in the 15th century, it is famous for its appearance in the James Bond film For Your Eyes Only. The katholikon is dedicated to the Holy Trinity and contains frescoes from the 18th century. The monastery also preserves manuscripts and relics.
Reaching Holy Trinity requires a demanding climb, including a footpath and stairway carved into the rock. It is less accessible than other monasteries, but its views are unparalleled. Visitors who enjoy hiking will find the journey rewarding. Guided tours often include Holy Trinity for its cinematic fame, but independent travellers should be prepared for a strenuous ascent.
- The Monastery of St. Stephen
St. Stephen’s Monastery is the most accessible of Meteora’s monasteries, connected by a small bridge rather than steep steps. Founded in the 14th century, it was rebuilt in later centuries and is now inhabited by nuns. The katholikon is dedicated to St. Charalambos, whose relics are preserved here. St. Stephen’s also houses a museum with icons and ecclesiastical artefacts.
Because of its easy access, St. Stephen’s is ideal for visitors with mobility challenges or those seeking a less strenuous visit. Cars and buses can reach the entrance directly. Guided tours often conclude here, as it provides a gentle finale to the Meteora experience.
Best Ways to Visit the Monasteries
- By Car: Offers flexibility and convenience, especially for those wishing to visit multiple monasteries in one day. Parking is available near most sites.
- On Foot: Hiking trails connect the monasteries, allowing visitors to experience Meteora’s natural beauty. This option requires stamina but rewards with spectacular views.
- Guided Tours: Provide historical context, logistical ease, and efficient scheduling. Ideal for first-time visitors or those with limited time.
Kalambaka: The Perfect Base
At the foot of Meteora lies Kalambaka, a lively town that serves as the gateway to the monasteries. It offers a range of accommodation, from simple guesthouses to comfortable hotels, catering to different budgets. Dining options are plentiful, with tavernas and restaurants serving traditional Greek cuisine.
Kalambaka’s location makes it the best base for exploring Meteora. The town provides transport connections, guided tour services, and amenities for travellers. Its atmosphere blends modern convenience with proximity to one of Greece’s most awe-inspiring landscapes.
Conclusion
Meteora is more than a destination; it is an encounter with history, faith, and nature. Each monastery—Great Meteoron, Varlaam, Rousanou, St. Nicholas Anapausas, Holy Trinity, and St. Stephen—offers unique treasures and perspectives. Whether approached by car, on foot, or with a guide, the journey through Meteora is unforgettable. With Kalambaka as your base, you can immerse yourself fully in this extraordinary world “suspended in the air.”
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