See Greece’s guide to the Cretan Diet, covering what it includes and asking if it really is one of the healthiest diets in the world.
A Healthy Greek Salad
The Cretan Diet is said to be one of the healthiest diets in the world. Several studies have shown this, and fortunately the diet is not just healthy but also very tasty. It blends pulses, olive oil, fresh fruit and vegetables, lots of fresh fish… and the robust but health-giving red wine too.
In addition, the diet incorporates most of the other requisites for healthy eating, including nuts, spices, garlic, bread, cheese and meat. Some people refuse some foods such as meat and cheese, believing them to be unhealthy, but the Cretan Diet shows that a moderate amount of all these items is definitely good for the body.
What Goes into the Cretan Diet?
Vegetables
The Cretan Diet Has Plenty of These
Part of the secret is the quantity of fresh vegetables eaten. Cretans consume three times as many vegetables as other Europeans. These are rich in vitamins and fatty acids, which help fight off heart disease. Most are also organically grown in an ideal climate: mild winters and moderate temperatures in early summer.
Fruit
Plenty of Fruit at Greek Markets
Cretans are also said to eat four times as much fruit as the average southern European (and they eat a lot!), and six times as much as their northern European counterparts. Most notable among the fruits is the orange, which grows in such profusion on the island, even in winter, that sometimes people cannot even give away the crop of oranges on their land.
These provide numerous vitamins in the diet, notably vitamin C. Grapes are eaten as well as turned into wine, grape skins having antioxidant elements which are believed to offer protection against cancer.
Fish
Fish Isn’t Fresher Than This!
Although Crete is a large island, its long, thin shape means that nowhere is so far from the sea that fresh fish isn’t easily available. There are also trout farms in the interior. As well as being full of vitamins, fish oils are known to help protect against heart disease.
Olive Oil
Cretan Olive Oil Bottles
Crete produces especially good-quality olive oil. Olive oil reduces the amount of unhealthy LDL cholesterol in the blood stream, which can lead to clogged arteries, but increases the amount of HDL cholesterol, which helps to break down these fatty deposits.
Next time you have a Greek salad, there is no need to refuse the olive oil in the belief that it is bad for you. Far better to cut down on dairy products, for example eating your bread without butter, as the Cretans do, and only having a modest amount of cheese in the diet.
Wine
Vineyards at the Lyrarakis Winery on Crete
Moderate amounts of wine, especially red wine, are also believed to be generally good for health. Red wine has anti-oxidants which help fight several diseases, and studies have shown that people who drink a moderate amount of wine (roughly one glass per day for women and two for men) live far longer than either tee-totallers or heavy drinkers.
Cretan Diet Research
Research begun in 1956 by the innovative American nutritionist Dr Ancel Keys compared diets, diseases and death rates in seven countries across the world, including Japan, Italy and the USA.
Greek studies were undertaken in Corfu and Crete. Crete had by far the lowest mortality rates for heart diseases and cancer. In Finland, for example, there were 972 such deaths per 100,000 people in 1986, when the studies were still continuing. The figure for Crete was just 38 deaths, the lowest in the world.
Similarly Crete had the lowest rate of deaths from other causes, and lowest incidence of disease. So impressed was Dr Keys by the findings, that he began to follow the Cretan Diet himself… and lived to be 100!
Lyon Study
In a further study of heart patients in Lyon, French doctors divided their patients into two groups. One group was given a conventional low fat/low cholesterol diet, as recommended by the US Society of Cardiology for sufferers from heart disease. The second group was put on the Cretan Diet. The results were astonishing. Mortality rates in the second group were 75% lower than the first group after two years.
The See Greece guide to Rethymnon, third-largest city in Crete with a Venetian fortress, Archaeological Museum, Old Town area and Venetian harbour.
Rethymnon’s Harbour at Night
The third-largest city in Crete with a population of almost 40,000, Rethymnon is in some ways like a scaled-down version of Chania, with its harbour, strong Venetian and Turkish influences and strong traditional culture. Like its neighbour along the coast to the west, Rethymnon also goes by several variations on its name, such as Rethymno and Rethimnon.
The original name of the town was actually Rithymna, and it is known to have been occupied since Minoan times. There are no palatial Minoan remains but there are many from the Greco-Roman period when it was already a busy trading centre and port. During the 16th century Venetian rule it boomed, attaining a reputation for art and scholarship that it retains to this day.
Rethymnon’s Venetian Fortress
Rethymnon’s Venetian Fortress
It was a busy time architecturally too, and the Venetian fortress, which is such a dominant feature of the town, was built in the 1570s to defend against pirate attack and also with one prescient eye on the increasing dominance of the Turks. The strength of the fortress was short-lived, as the Turks conquered it in 1645 after a siege that lasted for 23 days.
The Fortetsa, as it is called, is said to be the biggest Venetian fortress ever built and is still in quite good condition, revealing inside the remains of some administrative buildings, a barracks, cisterns, the church of St Catherine and the Sultan Ibrahim Mosque. It is even big enough to contain a small theatre, used for performances in summer. The views from the huge ramparts over coast and town are worth the visit alone.
Rethymnon
Rethymnon’s Archaeological Museum
Opposite the entrance to the Fortetsa is the former prison, which now houses the Archaeological Museum. The conversion has been well done and the displays are arranged in rooms around a light, central atrium.
Although the city itself is not rich in Minoan remains, the surrounding area certainly is and the museum has an excellent collection of them, including a fascinating and large selection of painted burial chests known as larnakes.
There is also a good range of statuary, especially from the Greco-Roman period when Rethymnon was a prospering outpost. For further details visit the website.
The Old Town
Rethymnon Old Town
To the south of the Archaeological Museum is the old part of the town, with numerous structures of historical interest which seem a long way removed from the jostle of foreign visitors in the harbour tavernas and stretched out along the town beaches. But there is bustle in the old town too, notably around the Rimondi Fountain, which stands at one end of a busy main street surrounded by cafes and shops.
The fountain was built in 1629 by the Venetian governor (allegedly jealous of the Morosini Fountain in Iraklion), with waterspouts in the shape of the lions’ heads that are emblematic of Venice. Close by is an even older building, the 16th century loggia, built by the Venetians as a marketplace.
The Venetian Harbour
Rethymnon Harbour
Near here is the little Venetian harbour, only able to take the smaller boats and the local fishermen, with the bigger inter-island and Piraeus ferries forced to moor outside. It’s in the Venetian harbour that the fishermen can be found mending their nets, and in the mornings selling their catch from the night before.
At the harbour too is another notable Venetian legacy, the 16th century lighthouse. By night here the scene is transformed, as all the world comes here to see and be seen, to eat and drink the night away.
Moni Arkadi
An essential trip out of town is 24km (15 miles) to the southeast where, in a truly spectacular setting at the head of a gorge and surrounded by groves of fruit trees, stands the monastery of Moni Arkadi.
A monastery has stood on this site since the 5th century, with what we see today dating mostly from the 16th century when the Venetians restored the buildings including the audaciously ornate double-naved church which is the site’s most impressive feature. We’ve listed it as one of the best things to see on Crete, and if you want to learn more visit our separate page about Arkadi Monastery.
See Greece’s guide to visiting the Arkadi Monastery on Crete with a brief history, travel tips and a list of the best things to see.
Arkadi Monastery on Crete
Standing proudly at the end of a steep, twisting road on the edge of the Psilorítis Mountains, the Arkadi Monastery contains one of the finest Venetian churches on Crete. But its striking facade is not the only reason to visit. The tragic events that took place here in 1866 made it a national symbol of Crete’s heroic struggle for independence.
History of the Arkadi Monastery
Though Arkadi’s origins date back to the 5th century, the present church was built in 1587, with the surrounding buildings added during the 1600s. By the 19th century it had become one of the most prosperous monasteries on the island and was a centre of resistance against the Turks.
Siege of the Arkadi Monastery
During the 1866 rebellion, nearly 300 guerrilla fighters and some 700 women and children took refuge in the monastery. The Turks laid siege to it, and after three days broke through the gates on 9th November. As they rushed in the abbot ordered the ignition of the gunpowder stores, even though civilians were hiding inside.
Hundreds of people, Cretans and Turks alike, were killed in the massive explosion. The angry Turks slaughtered most of the survivors. But this heroic act of sacrifice galvanised support for Cretan independence both at home and abroad.
Arkadi Monastery on Crete
What to See at the Arkadi Monastery
The Venetian Church
Although the Turks set fire to the Church, its lovely facade of golden stone survived. The two-nave edifice with its graceful bell tower stands in the centre of the courtyard. Inside is a beautifully carved altar screen of cypress wood, executed in 1902. On the right-hand side is a large gilt-framed icon of Christ, part of a scene of the Resurrection from the church’s original altar screen.
Take a close look at the crucifixes high on either side of the church’s altar screen. They both have ladders propped up against the cross and a skull and crossbones at the foot of each one. In the courtyard outside the refectory is an ancient cypress tree with a shell from the Turkish siege still embedded in its trunk. An arrow marks the spot.
The Refectory
To the left of the church is the Refectory, where 36 freedom fighters were massacred. You can still see sword marks on the long wooden table and benches. Above the refectory is a room with portraits of Cretan patriots throughout history.
The Gunpowder Magazine
At the far left side of the courtyard you can step down into the roofless gunpowder magazine – formerly the monk’s wine cellar – where the holocaust took place. A simple shrine commemorates the tragedy.
Fun Fact
The Arkadi Monastery is so important in Greek history that in pre-Euro days it was depicted on the old 100-drachmae note.
Other Features
On the opposite side of the courtyard, the arched stone arcade over the old cloisters is very atmospheric. Above is a small museum which houses historic items from the monastery, including a fragment of the Sacred Banner and the battered old refectory door with visible bullet holes.
The ossuary, housed in a former windmill outside the gate near the parking area, contains the skulls and bones of the people who died in the great explosion.
Arkadi Monastery FAQ
1. Where is Arkadi Monastery located?
Arkadi Monastery is in central Crete, about 23 km southeast of Rethymno. It sits on a scenic plateau at the foot of Mount Ida (Psiloritis).
2. What are the opening hours and entrance fees?
The monastery is typically open daily from 9:00 AM to 7:00 PM in summer (shorter hours in winter). Entry costs around €3–€4, with discounts for students and seniors.
3. Why is Arkadi Monastery historically significant?
It’s a symbol of Cretan resistance against Ottoman rule. In 1866, hundreds of Cretans tragically perished here in a mass suicide explosion rather than surrender during a siege.
4. What should visitors see inside the monastery?
Highlights include the 16th-century Venetian-style church, the historic refectory, the museum (with religious artifacts and revolutionary relics), and the poignant gunpowder storage room.
5. Is there a dress code for visitors?
Yes, modest clothing is required (covered shoulders and knees). Shawls or wraps are sometimes provided at the entrance if needed.
Driving Tip
If driving on towards Elevtherna note that the road is the one which appears to go through the monastery grounds. The signpost is at the far end.
Dining Tip
With nothing else in the area, it’s as well that the monastery has its own restaurant, simple but fine for a meal or snack.
Visitor Information
Phone: 08310-83116 Open: Daily 9am-7pm summer, shorter hours in winter Getting There: There are direct buses from Rethymnon, otherwise you will need a car.
See Greece reviews the Greek cookbook, The Ikaria Way by Diane Kochilas, containing 100 delicious plant-based recipes.
The Ikaria Way Cookbook
We recently reviewed the excellent cookbook Ikaria by Meni Valle, and some recipes from that book have become keepers for us, part of our regular ‘go-to’ dishes. And now along comes The Ikaria Way by Diane Kochilas, who is actually from Ikaria originally. We guess everyone just wants to know the secret of why the island of Ikaria is one of the world’s Blue Zones, where people live for much longer than average.
One reason is certainly that they eat a amore plant-based diet than other people (even in Greece), and in The Ikaria Way the author collects 100 plant-based recipes inspired by Ikaria, which she calls ‘the Greek island of longevity’. The New York Times called it the island where ‘people forget to die.’
The Ikaria Way
The Ikaria Way is far more than just a cookbook, though. It’s a guide to healthier eating, and if you have specific health issues it’s a guide to what kinds of food you should be eating to try to help heal your body.
The first chapter alone is worth buying the book for: ‘A pantry inspired by Ikaria’. In it the author goes through the kinds of things you’ll find in most Ikaria kitchens, telling you a little bit about them, where they originated, what you can do with them, and, most importantly, what health benefits they have. For example, adding more beans and pulses to your diet is known to increase longevity, while chickpeas in particular have been shown to reduce the risk of heart disease.
Garlic is Good for You
Garlic is in almost all the recipes in this book, which is good as its healthful properties have been known since the days of the ancient Greeks. Athletes used to consume it to enhance their performance during the Ancient Olympic Games. Greek soldiers used to have a garlic-filled diet, especially before going into battle. I suppose if you ate enough of it, your enemy wouldn’t want to come near you anyway.
There are whole sections dealing with dried herbs, fresh herbs, nuts (rich in vitamins and healthy fats), olives and olive oil, and the benefits of sea salt over processed table salt, which has most of its nutrients removed.
Naturally there are entries for the two ingredients which make up the best breakfast in the world: Greek yogurt and honey. Both of these are excellent for your health, and honey is far batter for you as a sweetener than sugar.
And Then There Are the Recipes!
From The Ikaria Way Cookbook
Reading about the ingredients certainly makes you keen to try some of the recipes which then follow. They’re divided into seven categories: meze, salads, soups, bean dishes, grain dishes, plant-based main courses, and drinks, including a herbal tea and some tasty-sounding smoothies. Naturally everything is accompanied by some equally tasty photography, both of the island and the dishes.
Sprouts and Mushrooms
One recipe we’ll definitely be trying is Pan Shaken Brussels Sprouts and Mushrooms. Caramelised Brussels sprouts are one of our favourite tastes, and we usually roast them in the oven till they’re crunchy and almost black on the outside. The thought of doing them in the pan with mushrooms, olive oil, garlic, a strip of orange zest, some star anise, thyme, and a little dry white wine has us salivating already. Mushrooms are also very good for you and are known to have anti-cancerous properties.
Another meze idea that sounds good is Roasted Carrots with Honey, Olives and Garlic. The flavours here are enhanced with thyme again (herbs are such an important part of Greek cooking), and some dry white wine. Yes, there are some wineries on Ikaria but the author says you could use a dry sauvignon blanc instead.
Other recipes that caught our eye included Pasta with Mushrooms and Chestnuts and definitely Garlicky Red Lentil Soup. Garlic and lentils? I feel healthier just for reading the recipe! This Ikaria cookbook is certainly one we’ll be using.
Buying The Ikaria Way
If you’ve read so far you know we really like this book, and if you want to check it out more you’ll find it on Amazon.
Ikaria by Meni Valle, brings together the best and healthiest Greek recipes with an evocative travelogue about Ikaria, one of the world’s Blue Zone places.
What is special about Ikaria is that it is one of only five places in the world that has been designated a so-called Blue Zone. A Blue Zone is an area where people live for longer than average, with about one person in every three living into their 90s. There are many reasons for this, but a major factor is diet. The only other Blue Zone place in the Mediterranean is Sardinia, with the others being in Japan, California, and Costa Rica.
Ikaria Book Review
What better place in Greece, then, to have a cookbook devoted to traditional recipes from than Ikaria? This is more than just a collection of recipes, though. It’s also a beautifully-written and photographed handsome coffee-table book, though I expect my copy to soon be spattered with olive oil stains as we try out some of the recipes.
Ikaria Author
The author of Ikaria, which is sub-titled Food and Life in the Blue Zone, is Meni Valle. Valle is an Australian Greek cookbook author and food teacher, who also leads culinary tours to Greece, naturally including to Ikaria. Some of her other books include My Greek Kitchen and My Mediterranean Kitchen.
Superb Photography
The photography in the book is by Tessa Kiros, who specialises in food and travel photography and whose father is a Greek Cypriot. She is also an author, though, and her own books include Food from Many Greek Kitchens.
Travels in Ikaria
The author and photographer travel together to get the photos for the book, to collect the recipes, and to meet the people of Ikaria. They talk to women in their own kitchens about their traditional dishes, and to people they meet on the way about the secret to long life on Ikaria.
The author asks one man: ‘What do you think is the secret to longevity?’ He answers: ‘Meni, here in Ikaria we do not try to add years to our life. Instead we add life to our years. We make the most of every day.
Ikaria Recipes
The recipes in the book are largely vegetarian. This isn’t a choice by the author, but it’s simply a reflection of the diet on Ikaria. Many of their dishes are made from fresh seasonal ingredients, and though there is a section on Seafood and Meat it has only ten recipes in it. The majority of these are seafood recipes, as fresh seafood is also a big contributor to a healthy diet. It isn’t that red meat is ignored, but on Ikaria it’s an occasional treat rather than something people eat several times a week.
As well as Seafood and Meat, the recipes are divided into Salads, Accompaniments, Vegetables, Legumes, Pasta, Bread and Pies, and Sweets. As well as the recipe itself, and the instructions, each recipe also has a little introduction. Some of these make suggestions for variations on the recipe, some suggest what goes well with the dish, while others are longer background stories about either the dish or the ingredients.
All in all, this works whether you’re interested in Greek recipes or wanting to read about Ikaria. If you’re interested in both, it’s a gem!
Buying Ikaria
Ikaria: Food and Life in the Blue Zone by Meni Valle is published by Hardie Grant Books and is available from their website. It’s also available from Amazon.
See Greece tells the history of Thessaloniki, Greece’s second city, from Alexander the Great and the Roman Empire to the present day.
Statue of Alexander the Great on the Thessaloniki Waterfront at Sunset
Thessaloniki, the second-largest city in Greece, boasts a rich and diverse history that spans over two millennia. Its story is one of conquest, cultural exchange, and resilience, making it a fascinating tapestry of civilizations that have left their mark on this vibrant city.
Origins of Thessaloniki
The origins of Thessaloniki can be traced back to 315 BCE when Cassander, one of Alexander the Great’s generals, founded the city and named it after his wife, Thessalonike, who was the half-sister of Alexander.
Initially established as a small settlement, the city quickly grew in importance due to its strategic location. Situated on the Thermaic Gulf and at the intersection of key trade routes, Thessaloniki became a crucial center for commerce and culture.
Hellenistic Period
During the Hellenistic period, Thessaloniki flourished under the rule of the Antigonid dynasty, which succeeded Cassander. The city thrived as a cultural hub, attracting scholars, philosophers, and artists. It became a melting pot of Greek, Roman, and Eastern influences, showcasing the cosmopolitan nature that would define its character in the centuries to come.
Roman Rule
Arch of Galerius in Thessaloniki in Greece
In 168 BCE, Thessaloniki fell under Roman rule, marking a new chapter in its history. The Romans recognized the city’s strategic importance and invested in its infrastructure, constructing impressive buildings, aqueducts, and a defensive wall. Thessaloniki became an essential administrative and economic center within the Roman Empire, serving as the capital of the province of Macedonia.
The Arrival of Christianity
As the Western Roman Empire crumbled in the 4th century CE, Thessaloniki experienced a significant transformation with the arrival of Christianity. The city played a pivotal role in the early Christian Church, with the Apostle Paul establishing a Christian community there. In 306 CE, the Roman Emperor Galerius, who was born in the region, initiated the construction of the Arch of Galerius and the Rotunda, structures that still stand today as testament to the city’s Roman past.
The Byzantine Era
Church of Agia Sophia in Thessaloniki
The Byzantine era ushered in a new period of prosperity for Thessaloniki. As the second largest city of the Byzantine Empire, it became a center of trade, culture, and religious activity. The city’s walls were reinforced, and numerous churches were built, including the renowned Hagia Sophia, not to be confused with the more famous one in Istanbul. Thessaloniki’s Byzantine heritage is evident in its many churches, some of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, showcasing intricate mosaics and frescoes.
The Ottoman Invasion
The Norman and Ottoman invasions in the 12th and 15th centuries, respectively, brought about significant challenges for Thessaloniki. The city changed hands multiple times, experiencing periods of decline and revival. The Ottomans, who eventually established control in 1430, left a lasting impact on the city’s culture and architecture. Many mosques, baths, and bazaars were constructed, blending Ottoman and Byzantine influences.
Thessaloniki’s role as a cultural crossroads continued during the Ottoman period, with the coexistence of different ethnic and religious communities. The Jewish community, in particular, thrived and contributed to the city’s cultural diversity. However, the 19th century saw the decline of the Ottoman Empire and the rise of nationalist movements. Thessaloniki, along with other parts of the Balkans, became a focal point of territorial disputes and power struggles.
Liberation
The early 20th century brought about significant changes for Thessaloniki. In 1912, during the First Balkan War, the city was liberated from Ottoman rule by Greek and Allied forces. This event marked the incorporation of Thessaloniki into Greece and the end of almost five centuries of Ottoman dominance. The city’s liberation is celebrated annually on October 26th as the “Liberation of Thessaloniki Day.”
Population Exchange
The interwar period saw Thessaloniki’s population grow rapidly, fueled by an influx of Greek refugees from Asia Minor following the Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922. The city’s character continued to evolve as it became a vibrant center for commerce, industry, and culture. However, World War II brought new challenges as Thessaloniki suffered bombings and occupation by Axis forces.
World War II
During the war, the city’s Jewish population faced persecution, and the vast majority were deported to concentration camps. The Jewish community, which had played a significant role in Thessaloniki’s history, was decimated, and its cultural heritage lost. Today, efforts are made to preserve and remember this tragic chapter through museums and memorials.
The post-war period marked an era of rebuilding and modernization for Thessaloniki. The city underwent significant urban development, and its economy diversified. The establishment of the University of Thessaloniki in 1925 contributed to the city’s reputation as an educational and cultural hub. Thessaloniki embraced its role as a modern metropolis while preserving its historical legacy.
To the Present Day
In recent decades, Thessaloniki has faced challenges and opportunities associated with urbanization, economic shifts, and cultural globalization. The city continues to evolve as a dynamic and cosmopolitan center, attracting tourists, students, and professionals. Thessaloniki’s rich history is evident in its archaeological sites, Byzantine walls, and Ottoman structures, which coexist with a lively contemporary urban landscape.
See Greece’s guide to birdwatching on Lesvos in the North-East Aegean Islands, including why to go, where to go, and when is the best time to go.
Hiking near Ayiassos on Lesvos
For keen birdwatchers, birdwatching on Lesvos offers a chance to see over 300 species in diverse habitats on a key migratory route between Europe and Africa. Birdwatching on Lesvos is a wonderful experience for nature enthusiasts and ornithologists alike. Situated in the northeastern Aegean Sea, Lesvos is one of the top birdwatching destinations in Europe, particularly renowned for its impressive diversity of species and its strategic location along migratory routes. With over 325 recorded species, the island is a prime destination for birdwatching.
Why Go Birdwatching on Lesvos
Lesvos’ geographical position plays a key role in its rich birdlife. Located on the migration route between Europe and Africa, the island witnesses spectacular seasonal displays. Spring (March-May) sees a surge in bird activity as birds like storks, raptors, and warblers embark on their northward journey. Autumn (September-November) offers another opportunity to witness the southbound migration.
Golden Eagle
Where to Go Birdwatching on Lesvos
One of the prime spots for birdwatching on Lesvos is the Kalloni Salt Pans. This area is easily accessible and offers a chance to see a variety of waders, terns, and other waterfowl, flamingos, black-winged stilts, avocets, and several species of ducks and egrets.
The nearby Kalloni Gulf is also a hotspot, especially during the spring and autumn migrations. Birdwatchers can expect to see flamingos, avocets, and ruddy shelducks, among others.
Another significant area is the Napi Valley, which is particularly lush and green, attracting a different set of species including orioles, warblers, and the elusive Krüper’s Nuthatch, which is endemic to the region.
The Ipsilou monastery, located in the western part of Lesvos on the road to Sigri, is another excellent location for observing raptors. Positioned on a hill, it offers panoramic views and is a perfect vantage point for spotting eagles, buzzards, and falcons as they soar overhead.
The Village of Sigri on Lesvos
Petrified Forest of Sigri: This unique geological wonder, with its petrified trees, also provides refuge for birds of prey in particular. Keep an eye out for golden eagles, the agile black kite, and peregrine falcons.
Western Volcanic Hillsides: Arid and rocky, this area is a hotspot for some rare residents. Here, you might encounter the elusive cinereous bunting, a critically endangered songbird, and other unusual birds like Cretzschmar’s bunting, the Rock sparrow, and the Isabelline Wheatear.
Mountainous Interior: Lush forests and rolling hills characterize the central region. This is prime territory for spotting resident birds like the Western Rock Nuthatch, Sombre Tit, Blue Rock Thrush, and the majestic Long-legged Buzzard.
Sandpipers
Other Places
While the above locations cater to specific species, don’t forget to explore other regions of Lesvos. The charming village of Ayiassos is known for its resident birdlife, including the melodious European nightingale. The western coast, with its long beaches, attracts gulls and terns, while the north offers excellent opportunities to see shorebirds like sandpipers and plovers.
When to Go Birdwatching on Lesvos
Spring (April to June) is generally considered the best time to visit Lesvos for birdwatching, as the migration peaks and the weather is pleasant. However, autumn also sees a significant passage of birds, particularly raptors. Even outside these peak times, Lesvos’s resident bird species and winter visitors make it a year-round destination for bird enthusiasts.
For those new to birdwatching or seeking to enhance their experience, local guides and birdwatching tours are available. These experts can provide valuable insights into finding and identifying the various species, as well as understanding their behaviors and habitats.
Overall, Lesvos is a must-visit for birdwatchers looking to add significant ticks to their life lists while enjoying the natural beauty and cultural richness of one of Greece’s largest islands.
See Greece picks the best time to visit Lesvos, with a monthly summary of the weather, plus hotel prices and special events to help plan a visit.
The climate of Lesvos, in the North-East Aegean Islands, is predominantly Mediterranean, with hot summers and mild winters. If you’re planning your itinerary and wondering about the best time to visit Lesvos, consider factors such as weather comfort, hotel prices, crowd density, and special events. Let’s dive into a month-to-month breakdown of these details.
Best Time to Visit Lesvos Month-by-Month
January is the coldest month in Lesvos, with average temperatures between 35°F – 54°F (1.6°C – 12°C). Rainfall averages around 3.8 inches (about 96.5 millimetres), and being a Mediterranean island, snowfall is rare. Festivities like the Epiphany on January 6th light up the region, which could enhance your visit. Hotel prices at this time are relatively low due to it being off-peak season.
February is a bit chilly, averaging between 37°F – 55°F (2.7°C – 12.7°C), with average rainfall at approximately 2.1 inches (53.5 millimetres). The month holds the carnival of Apokries, a colourful, loud celebration with events around the island. Accommodation prices are relatively low during this off-peak season.
In March, the weather starts to warm, with temperatures averaging between 41°F – 59°F (5°C – 15°C). Rainfall drops to about 2 inches (50.8 millimetres). Although there are no significant festivals during this month, the blooming landscapes are a sight to behold. Hotel prices begin to rise in anticipation of the tourist season.
The Village of Sigri on Lesvos
April brings beautiful spring weather, with temperatures averaging between 47°F – 66°F (8.3°C – 18.8°C), and rainfall lowering to roughly 1.2 inches (30.5 millimetres). Easter celebrations, featuring church parades and local customs, make April an exciting time to visit. Accommodation costs start increasing as the tourist influx begins.
May sports comfortably warm days between 56°F – 75°F (13.3°C – 23.8°C), and average rainfall of only 0.6 inches (15.2 millimetres). The annual Bird Watching Festival will appeal to nature enthusiasts, with Lesvos being one of Europe’s top bird-spotting regions. However, expect slightly higher hotel prices due to the peak tourist season approaching.
Visiting in June offers excellent beach weather, with average temperatures between 64°F – 84°F (17.7°C – 28.8°C). Rainfall is minimal at only 0.3 inches (7.6 millimetres). The Petrified Forest Festival offers a cultural feast, but hotel prices during this peak time could be a bit high.
Molyvos Harbour on Lesvos
July is the hottest month, with temperatures between 70°F – 87°F (21.1°C – 30.5°C), and rainfall is almost non-existent at 0.1 inches (2.5 millimetres). No significant events occur during the month, but the ideal weather makes for great beach visits. Bear in mind, hotel prices are at their highest this month.
August continues the summer trend with temperatures averaging between 69°F – 86°F (20.5°C – 30°C), with rainfall remaining minimal. The month is known for cultural and music festivals across the island, but do prepare for possibly the highest accommodation prices.
September heralds the start of cooling temperatures between 62°F – 79°F (16.6°C – 26.1°C) and rainfall increasing slightly to 0.5 inches (12.7 millimetres). The annual Wine Festival in Mytilene is a must-see for wine buffs! Hotel prices start to drop with the end of peak season.
Cafe on Lesvos
October averages comfortable temperatures between 54°F – 71°F (12.2°C – 21.6°C), with rainfall increasing to 1.6 inches (40.6 millimetres). As it’s the period of the olive harvest, you can witness traditional olive picking and oil production. Accommodation costs drop further, making it a cheaper time to visit.
November ushers in lower temperatures, ranging between 47°F – 63°F (8.3°C – 17.2°C), and rain increases to about 3 inches (76.2 millimetres). There aren’t any significant festivals, but lower visitor numbers and even lower hotel prices make for a quieter, more relaxed visit.
December, like January, is cool, with temperatures ranging between 40°F – 57°F (4.4°C – 13.8°C). Average rainfall during this period is around 3.9 inches (99 millimetres). Christmas is celebrated with local traditions, making for an interesting cultural experience. Hotel prices are the lowest during this month.
Molyvos on Lesvos
Best Time to Visit Lesvos: Summary
So, what’s the definitive answer to the best time to visit Lesvos? Well, it depends on your individual preferences.
If you’re a sun-seeker and beach lover, then June through August would be your ideal months. The temperatures are high, and the rainfall is minimal, perfect for lounging on Lesvos’s beautiful beaches.
However, if you’re looking to witness some of the island’s lively festivities, consider visiting in January for the Epiphany, February for the Apokries Carnival, April for the Easter celebrations, or September for the Wine Festival.
If bird watching is your pastime, May’s Bird Watching Festival is an event you shouldn’t miss. Lesvos is a prime bird-spotting location, with its diverse habitats attracting a wide variety of species.
Budget travelers might prefer the off-peak period between November to March. Although the weather is colder with a higher chance of rain, the significantly lower hotel costs may offset this. Additionally, the reduced crowd numbers during these months provide a more serene and personal experience.
Nature lovers would find spring (March to May) appealing, as the landscape comes alive with greenery and blossoms, making for picturesque views and cooler temperatures for explorative walks.
For those seeking an authentic local experience, visiting in October allows you witness the traditional olive harvest, an integral part of Lesvos’ lifestyle and economy.
In short, the best time to visit Lesvos is the time that’s best for you. There are reasons to go throughout the year.
See Greece suggests ten reasons to visit Lesvos in the North-East Aegean Islands in Greece, including its cuisine, its birdwatching and its beaches.
Lesvos Sunset
Here are just ten reasons to visit Lesvos (or Lesvos), where we’ve been several times. There are many more but let’s stick with ten to start with.
Ten Reasons to Visit Lesvos
1. Stunning Beaches
The Beach at Molyvos on Lesvos
Lesvos is home to some of the most beautiful beaches in Greece, with crystal-clear waters and golden sands. Here are our favourite beaches on Lesvos:
Petra Beach
Eftalou Beach
Molyvos Beach
Anaxos Beach
Skala Kallonis Beach
Tarti Beach
Kagia Beach
Vatera Beach
Agios Isidoros Beach
Tsonia Beach
2. Rich History
Lesvos has a rich history dating back to ancient times. The island is known for its archaeological sites, including the ancient city of Mytilene and the Roman aqueduct. Here are some of the main historical notes:
Ancient Period:
Lesvos has a significant place in ancient Greek history. It was the birthplace of several famous individuals, including the poets Sappho and Alcaeus.
The island was colonized by Aeolians in the 10th century BCE, and the city of Mytilene became a major center for commerce and culture.
Lesvos played a role in the Greco-Persian Wars, and during the Peloponnesian War, it was a major player as it aligned with Athens against Sparta.
Roman and Byzantine Periods:
Like many parts of Greece, Lesvos came under Roman rule in the 2nd century BCE. It later became part of the Byzantine Empire.
During the Byzantine period, the island faced invasions by various groups, including Goths and Slavs.
Ottoman Rule:
Lesvos was under Ottoman rule from the 15th century until the early 20th century. The Ottomans influenced the island’s culture, architecture, and way of life.
Modern Era:
In 1912, Lesvos was occupied by Greek forces during the Balkan Wars, leading to its incorporation into Greece.
The island, like many others in the region, witnessed population exchanges between Greece and Turkey in the early 20th century.
Traditional Village House on Lesvos
3. Lesvos’s Traditional Villages
Lesvos is dotted with charming traditional villages, where you can experience the authentic Greek way of life. Explore picturesque villages like Molyvos, Agiassos, and Plomari.
4. Lesvos’s Delicious Cuisine
Octopus Being Dried and Tenderized on Lesvos
Lesvos is famous for its gastronomy, particularly its olive oil, ouzo, and seafood. Here are some special dishes to try when visiting Lesvos:
Sardines:
Lesvos is known for its fresh seafood, and sardines are a popular choice. Grilled or fried sardines, often seasoned with local herbs and olive oil, are a tasty and common dish.
Ladotyri Cheese:
This is a special cheese from Lesvos that is matured in olive oil. It has a unique flavor and is often served as part of a meze platter.
Ouzo Meze:
Ouzo, an anise-flavored spirit, is a popular drink in Greece. When enjoying ouzo, locals often accompany it with various meze dishes, including olives, cheese, and seafood.
Kalami:
Kalami is a traditional dish from Lesvos, consisting of goat or lamb cooked with onions, tomatoes, and various herbs. It is slow-cooked until the meat is tender and flavorful.
Revithato:
This is a chickpea soup that is popular in Lesvos. It typically includes chickpeas, olive oil, onions, and various herbs. It’s a comforting and nutritious dish.
Soutzouk Loukoum:
Lesvos is known for its version of soutzouk loukoum, a sweet treat made with sugar, water, cornstarch, and various flavorings. It’s often dusted with powdered sugar or desiccated coconut.
Octopus with Fava:
Grilled or stewed octopus is a favorite seafood dish on the island. It is sometimes served with fava beans, creating a delicious and hearty combination.
Bourekia:
These are pastry parcels filled with various ingredients such as cheese, greens, or meat. They can be baked or fried and are a popular snack or appetizer.
Moussaka:
A classic Greek dish, moussaka consists of layers of eggplant, minced meat (often lamb), and a creamy béchamel sauce. It’s baked until golden brown and delicious.
Fasolada:
While not exclusive to Lesvos, fasolada is a traditional Greek bean soup made with tomatoes, olive oil, and vegetables. It’s a wholesome and nutritious option.
Chairs on Lesvos
5. Natural Beauty
Lesvos is a paradise for nature lovers. The island boasts diverse landscapes, including lush forests, hot springs, and the unique Petrified Forest of Sigri, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
6. Birdwatching
Lesvos is a haven for birdwatchers, as it is a major migratory route for various bird species. The wetlands of the Kalloni Gulf attract thousands of birds, making it a popular spot for birdwatching enthusiasts. Others include the Alykes Wetlands, Metochi Lake, Ipsilou Monastery, and the Petra Hills.
7. Cultural Events
Lesvos hosts numerous cultural events throughout the year, including music festivals, art exhibitions, and traditional celebrations. The Ouzo Festival in Plomari and the Sardine Festival in Kalloni are particularly popular.
8. Warm Hospitality
The locals of Lesvos are known for their warm hospitality and friendly nature. Visitors can expect a warm welcome and a genuine Greek experience.
9. Outdoor Activities
Hiking near Ayiassos on Lesvos
Lesvos offers a range of outdoor activities, such as hiking, cycling, and water sports. Explore the island’s nature trails, go kayaking along the coast, or take a boat trip to nearby islands.
10. Relaxation and Tranquility
Lesvos is a peaceful and tranquil island, perfect for those seeking a relaxing getaway. Whether you want to unwind on the beach, enjoy a spa treatment, or simply soak in the island’s natural beauty, Lesvos has it all.
So that’s our pick of ten of the reasons to visit Lesvos. Just go, and you’ll find many many more.
See Greece picks the best time to visit Samos, with a monthly summary of the weather, plus hotel prices and special events to help plan a visit.
Samos
Everyone dreams of a vacation in a place where the climate is both welcoming and rejuvenating, and that place could be Samos. This picturesque Greek island, located in the Aegean Sea, close to the Turkish coast, is famously known for its enchanting beaches, vineyards and ancient remains.
The Samos climate is typically Mediterranean, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. But as is the case with any travel destination, timing your visit perfectly can enhance your experience tremendously.
Best Time to Visit Samos: Month by Month
Let’s start with January. During this month, the Samos climate gets the coldest. Expect average temperatures around 54°F (12°C) and cold nights that could drop to 39°F (4°C). Rainfall measures about 3.8 inches (96 mm), a bit higher compared to other months. But as expected during the offseason, hotel prices are much lower which can give you great value for your money. There isn’t any significant snowfall to note.
As we move into February, temperatures slightly increase with the average at around 55°F (13°C). The rainfall peaks at 3.9 inches (99 mm), making it the wettest month of the year in Samos. Despite the weather, February hosts the Carnival of Samos, a lively event with music, dance, and colourful costumes that is a unique experience to witness.
In March, the signs of spring are quite evident. The temperatures rise to a comfortable 59°F (15°C). Though rains may still occur, about 2.6 inch (66 mm), they are considerably less compared to the first two months. Hotel prices are still relatively low, offering budget-friendly accommodation options.
April is when Samos starts to display its Mediterranean charm with sunny, clear days. Temperatures are comfortably warm at 66°F (19°C) during the day and a low of 50°F (10°C) during the night. Rainfall measures around 1.5 inch (38 mm). Easter celebrations are usually in April, with parades, feasts, and firework displays.
May brings a more summery feel with an average temperature of about 74°F (23°C), and rainfall dipping to just 0.9 inches (23 mm). This period sees an upswing in visitors, so the hotel prices start to edge up. The Feast of Agios Konstantinos in May is a traditional celebration representing Greek culture.
June welcomes the official start of summer, with temperatures averaging around 82°F (28°C), perfect for beach hopping and exploring the beautiful landscapes of Samos. Rainfall is extremely low, averaging 0.3 inches (7.6 mm). The island gets busier, and the hotel prices reflect the demand. The Samos Wine Festival in June is a must-visit for wine lovers. Samos is famous for kits wine (it even has a Wine Museum), some of which goes into the unique Greek after-dinner drink, Metaxa.
Samos Beach
July showcases Samos in its full summer glory, as temperatures soar to an average of 87°F (31°C). Rainfall is pretty much non-existent during this time, with an average of 0.1 inches (2.54 mm). It’s a peak tourist season, so expect crowded beaches and higher hotel prices. The Festival of Dionysus offers an interesting escape with theatre performances.
August continues the heat wave with an average temperature of around 87°F (31°C). Rainfall is negligible, and the island is packed with tourists basking under the Mediterranean sun. Prepare to pay peak-season prices for hotels.
In September, temperatures start to cool slightly to 82°F (28°C). The probability of rain begins to go up, but it’s generally very low with only about 0.8 inches (20 mm). The summer crowd starts to thin. Sightseeing and open-air activities are perfect this month, and hotel rates are more reasonable.
October brings a more autumnal feel. With temperatures averaging 74°F (23°C), and rainfall picking up slightly to 1.6 inches (40.6 mm), the Samos weather turns very pleasant. The Ochi Day celebration in late October offers a dose of patriotism and tradition. Accommodation rates become more affordable as the tourist crowds continue to dwindle.
November signals the onset of winter, with temperatures dropping to an average of 63°F (17°C), and rainfall increasing to 2.7 inches (68.6 mm). It’s a low tourist season so expect minimal crowding and more favorable hotel rates. It’s a good time to visit museums to explore the island’s rich history.
December rounds off the year with a more wintery chill. The average temperatures drop to around 57°F (14°C), and the rainfall measures about 3.2 inches (81 mm). It’s definitely offseason; however, you could experience a traditional Greek Christmas if you plan your visit during this time. Hotels offer great deals during this period.
Vineyards on Samos
Best Time to Visit Samos: Summary
So, what’s the best time to visit Samos? While the Samos weather plays a substantial role in the decision, it truly depends on what you’re looking to experience. Are you looking for warm beach days or to be part of traditional festivities? Do you prefer avoiding the crowds and enjoying lower hotel rates, or do you like the animated atmosphere during the peak season?
If you’re a sun-worshipper who loves long days at the beach, the summer months from June to August would offer the idyllic setting. However, do expect higher hotel rates.
If you wish to experience the cultural events and traditional Greek festivities, time your visit with the Carnival in February, Easter in April, the Samos Wine Festival in June, or the Festival of Dionysus in July.
For travellers who are keen on a serene and laid-back vacation, the shoulder season months of May, September and October can provide the best of both worlds – decent weather, fewer crowds, and moderate hotel rates.
And if your main goal is to explore the rich history and heritage of Samos while keeping a strict check on your budget, the winter months of November to March could be the ideal time. The Samos climate is mild during winters, and although wet, does not pose significant inconvenience to indoor activities and explorations of historical and archeological sites.
Knowing the best time to visit Samos can make your trip all the more rewarding, so we hope this little guide helps.
A visit to the Museum of Samos Wine to learn about the muscat grapes that produce the best dessert wines in the world and also the Greek spirit, Metaxa.
Wine-Tasting at the Museum of Samos Wine
Around the harbour from the Archaeological Museum in Vathi stands a museum to another subject that has played a huge role in the history of Samos: its wine. The Museum of Samos Wine celebrates the fact that wine has been made on the island since antiquity, and for centuries the name of Samos has been known around the world for producing some of the finest dessert wines.
Samos even exports its wines to France, which is a triumph in itself as the French are renowned for being very parochial when it comes to their choice in wine. Yet 40% of the wine produced on Samos – and they produce over 5 million litres a year – is exported to France where it is mainly drunk as an aperitif.
Another large portion of the best Samos wine is bought by the Metaxa company and taken to its distillery in Athens, where it is a key ingredient in Greece’s unique spirit, Metaxa. (Most people refer to Metaxa as a brandy, and although it tastes very similar to a fine brandy it technically is not a brandy as brandy by definition does not contain wine.)
Visiting the Museum of Samos Wine
Museum of Samos Wine
The Museum of Samos Wine is housed in a building near the waterfront that dates back to the 1930s and was once a warehouse and barrel-making facility, our guide Iannis Panagiris tells us. Iannis works for the wine cooperative that runs the museum as part of its activities, and which goes by the grand name of the United Winemaking Agricultural Cooperative of Samos.
‘Some of the old barrels are on display,’ Iannis says, ‘but we no longer make barrels here. The biggest one on display holds 18,000 litres. The cooperative was founded in 1934, although of course Samos wine had been popular for many years before that. The winegrowers decided to unite to avoid exploitation by European wine buyers. At the cooperative we take the grapes from 25 villages. We have about 2,500 members, with their families, and the vineyards cover about 1600 acres.’
Old Bottle of Samos Wine
The vast majority of the Samos vineyards cultivate the muscat grape, which grows exceptionally well on the island. It mostly grows here and in the South of France.
Old Photos
‘If you look at the historic black and white photos that are on display around the museum,’ Iannis says, ‘you’ll find that not much has changed because of the difficult access. You can’t get machinery into the vineyards so it is still all done by hand. One change is that each village traditionally had a grape collector, as most people only had donkeys, but now the growers bring their own grapes to us on trucks.’
Museum of Samos Wine Tour
On Samos the grapes grow at everything from sea level up to about 900m high (2,953 ft), with many of the vineyards on the slopes of Mount Ampelos, whose name appropriately means ‘vine’. It’s the highest mountain on Samos, at a height of 1,095 metres (3,593 ft).
Because of the different elevations, the harvest on Samos lasts for about two months, usually in August and September. The sea level grapes are ready first, though the higher grapes take longer to mature and produce a more concentrated taste and wine of a higher quality, although a lot depends on the individual microclimates.
‘The union also supports growers with advice to help control the quality,’ Iannis explains to us. ‘This is an AOC so there are certain rules to follow. The secret to the success of the wine is the altitude, the drainage, the maturation. It’s a sweet wine but also has a freshness that is almost metallic and might remind you of stone. That’s why Samos wines are known around the world. Samos has been known for centuries as a supplier of top sweet wines.
Inside the Museum of Samos Wine
‘The price growers get from us depends on the quality of the grapes and the type of wine they will be making. Better grapes obviously get higher prices. They also get higher prices for grapes that go into the Grand Cru that goes to France because there is a lesser yield. We’re not a profit organisation. We have to cover our costs and then the rest is distributed. The role of the union is vital in the success of Samos wine. Seven of the producers are elected to the Board of Directors. Many of them are quite young, in their 30s, so the younger people are still working the vineyards.’
Visiting the Wine Museum of Samos is clearly educational as well as entertaining. It’s an impressive museum that covers two floors and the old photos are especially interesting. Elsewhere there are collections of wine-making equipment, bottles, books, ledgers and all manner of things.
Wine-Tasting at the Museum of Samos Wine
Sign for the Museum of Samos Wine
At the end, naturally, we enjoy a wine tasting. We start with two dry muscats, an Aegean Breeze and a High Peaks. The Aegean Breeze manages to be both crisp and dry yet aromatic, and we try pairing the High Peaks with a yellow goats’ cheese from Samos, a perfect match.
We move on to the least sweet of the sweet wines, the Grand Cru that the French enjoy so much as an aperitif. It is light and fresh, with a slight metallic taste to it, good as a palate cleanser. The Vin Doux is 15% ABV, a strong and sweet wine that is the typical dessert wine we associate with Samos.
Wine-Tasting at the Museum of Samos Wine
The Samos Anthemis is the same as the Vin Doux but aged for 5 years. It tastes like toffee, raisins and Christmas pudding, and is the most popular Samos wine in the UK. Samos Nectar is aged for six years and is a deeper more tawny colour, tasting of dried fruit, caramel and nuts. No wonder these drinks are popular at Christmas.
Before leaving, don’t miss the museum shop, which sells a few other local products as well as wine. But check those wine prices. For medal-winning wine the prices are much, much cheaper than you’ll find them outside of Greece.
So if you’re in Vathi on Samos, don’t think that the Archaeological Museum is the only museum in town. The Wine Museum of Samos is also full of history – and you get to drink wine too.
Wine-Tasting at the Museum of Samos Wine
Museum of Samos Wine: More Information
The Museum of Samos Wine is open May-October. Check the website for opening times: samoswine.gr
The best things to do on Thassos in the North East Aegean islands of Greece include its beaches, mountain hikes, & visiting ancient archaeological sites.
Thassos
Thassos is in the group of islands in the North East Aegean Sea and is easily reached on a short ferry ride from the mainland city of Kavala. To read more about how to get to Thassos and some more information about the island, visit our main Thassos page.
Meanwhile, to help you plan a visit or decide whether to put Thasos on your Greek itinerary, here are some of the best things to do on Thassos.
Best Things to Do on Thassos
Thassos Town (Limenas)
You can read about Thassos Town, also known as Limenas, on our main Thassos page but here’s a reminder of some of the things you can do there.
Hike to the Acropolis of Thassos
For panoramic views, hike up to the Acropolis of Thassos, perched on a hill overlooking the town. The trail passes ancient walls and gates before reaching the summit, where ruins of a 4th-century BC fortress stand. The climb is moderately challenging but rewarding, with breathtaking vistas of the Aegean Sea and surrounding landscapes. Early morning or late afternoon visits are best to avoid the heat. Bring water and a camera—this historical trek combines exercise, archaeology, and stunning scenery, making it a highlight for active travelers.
Ancient Theatre of Thassos
Wander among ruins of temples, stoas, and statues dating back to the 5th century BC. Highlights include the Sanctuary of Artemis and the partially restored theater with sea views. Informational plaques provide historical context, making it an enriching experience for history lovers.
Archaeological Museum
The Thassos Archaeological Museum is housed in a neoclassical building and showcases artifacts from the island’s rich history. Exhibits include ancient pottery, sculptures, and inscriptions, with highlights like the 7th-century BC kouros (marble statue) and intricate Roman mosaics. The museum provides insight into Thassos’ role in antiquity as a prosperous mining and trading center. Well-curated displays and English descriptions make it accessible to international visitors. A short walk from the harbor, it’s an ideal stop for culture enthusiasts looking to deepen their understanding of the island’s past.
Stroll the Harbor
Thassos Town’s harbor is a lively spot lined with colorful fishing boats, cafes, and tavernas. Enjoy a leisurely walk along the waterfront, watching yachts and ferries come and go. Stop for a frappé or fresh seafood while soaking in the relaxed vibe. In the evening, the area comes alive with locals and visitors enjoying the sunset. The harbor also serves as a gateway to nearby beaches and boat tours, making it both a scenic and functional hub. Perfect for photography, dining, or simply unwinding by the sea.
Makryammos Beach
Just 3 km from Thassos Town, Makryammos Beach is a serene escape with crystal-clear waters and lush greenery. The sandy shore slopes gently into the sea, making it family-friendly. Sunbeds and umbrellas are available, along with a beach bar serving refreshments. The surrounding pine trees provide natural shade, enhancing the tranquil atmosphere. Water sports like snorkeling and paddleboarding are popular here. Whether you seek relaxation or light adventure, Makryammos offers a perfect blend of nature and comfort, easily reachable by car, scooter, or local bus.
Hiking in the Mountains of Thassos
Around the Island
Aliki
Although it’s tiny, Aliki has a lot to recommend it. The nearby site of Ancient Aliki is one of the best archaeological sites on the island, with the remains of a temple and the remnants of some ancient quarries. It’s also convenient for the Archangelos Monastery and the little lagoon at Giola (see below). There’s a small beach and a handful of tavernas and places to stay.
Archangelos Monastery
Perched dramatically above a cliff between Aliki and Giola, this is one of the most important monasteries on the island (although it’s actually a nunnery). It’s very scenic from a distance and provides you with panoramic views when you get there, as far as Mount Athos in the distance.. No-one knows for sure how old it is but there was a reference to the monastery in papers dating from 1287, though most of the present buildings date from the 18th century. It’s most prized possession is what is said to be part of a nail from the cross on which Christ was crucified.
Beaches
There are good beaches all around the island, too many to list, but one of the best has to be Paradise Beach on the east coast and about 15 miles (24 kms) south of Thasos Town. There are no fewer than three different parking areas, which tells you (a) how popular it is, and (b) how big it is. Its size usually means you can find your own patch of beach. The sand is beautifully soft, there’s a scenic backdrop of forest, and the beach shelves gently so is good for children. There’s also an offshore island which adds to the scenic nature of this spot.
The longest beach on Thassos is Golden Beach, which runs for 1.25 miles (2 kms) and is 7.5 miles (12 kms) south of Thassos Town on the east coast.
Giola
About 6 miles (9.7 kms) west of the little beach village of Aliki on the south coast is this unusual phenomenon where rock formations create a natural swimming pool adjoining the sea. It does get very busy as it seems a lot of people like jumping from a height into the water.
Limenaria
Limenaria on the south coast is the second-largest town on the island after Thassos Town, and is an attractive holiday resort with plenty of places to stay and to eat. There are lots of good beaches, both in the town and within easy walking distance, which is one of the reasons it’s so popular.
Mountain Hikes
Thassos is a fairly small and fairly round island with a mountainous interior. This means it’s ideal if you want to combine a bit of beach laziness with some hiking. No matter where you stay on the coast, you can head inland and start climbing, and getting scenic views. The most challenging walk is naturally to the island’s highest peak, Mt Ipsario (3953 feet/1205 metres), which takes at least three hours so it does need some planning. There’s a mountain hut for shelter at the top.
Olive Oil Mill and Panagia
The Sotirelis Olive Oil Mill is in the traditional village of Panagia, about 4.5 miles (7.4 kms) due south of Thassos Town. It’s fascinating to tour the water-powered mill and learn how this family business used to produce its olive oil. It’s no longer operational but acts more as a museum, but it’s still an interesting place to visit. Panagia itself is beautiful and very photogenic. While there, don’t miss the lovely Church of the Kimisis tou Theotokou.
Greek alcoholic drinks include distinctly Greek drinks such as ouzo, Metaxa, retsina, raki, tsikoudia and tsipouro, but also Greek wines and Greek beers.
Toasting with Ouzo on Chios
Ouzo is a very popular aperitif. It’s an aniseed-based drink a little like pastis, raki, or arak. It is served neat in a tall glass with an accompanying glass of water. Some people prefer their ouzo neat and will sip at the water, but the most common way to drink it is to pour some water into the ouzo, till you get the taste that you prefer. Adding water turns the ouzo milky. It’s typically about 37-40% ABV so is as strong as other spirits like vodka and gin, but it’s got a very more-ish taste and is very refreshing in a hot climate so it’s easy to overdo it.
Beer is very popular in Greece and many Greeks drink beer with meals rather than wine. Two of the main Greek brands to try are Fix and Mythos, and if you like light beers brands like Amstel and Heineken are also widely available. For a little variety there are also now an increasing number of craft breweries around the country, so ask if the bar or restaurant has any local beers they can recommend.
Greek wine has improved by leaps and bounds over the years, helped by increased demand from visitors and also young Greek winemakers travelling around the world and bringing new skills and techniques home with them. Long gone are the days when your only choices were Retsina and Domestica (red or white and nicknamed Domestos).
House wines can vary in quality, but in some tavernas it really will be house wine, made by the owner in the family’s own vineyards. In smarter places the wine lists will naturally be more sophisticated. Familiar grape varieties like cabernet sauvignon and chardonnay do grow in Greece but the country also has a wide range of indigenous grape varieties with unusual names like agiorgitiko and roditis. Be adventurous, and don’t be afraid to ask what a particular wine is like, if you don’t know the grape variety.
Retsina is a peculiarly Greek white (or occasionally rosé) wine which has a slight resiny flavour. Some people love it, some people never get a taste for it, but you should certainly try it to find out which camp you’re in. The resin taste is said to have begun some 2,000 years ago when wine was stored in clay amphora, which were sealed at the top with Aleppo resin. This acted as a very effective seal, good at keeping wine fresh, but it did imbue the wine with a slight resin flavour.
The Greeks developed a liking for this distinctive wine. Even when it became possible to store wine in wooden barrels (which needed no resin stop and gave wines a different taste), the Greeks still wanted their retsina and the flavour was added in different ways. Retsina has a reputation as a ‘rough’ wine, not very sophisticated, but today’s winemakers have reinvented retsina and there are some remarkably subtle retsinas available. The name ‘Retsina’ is acknowledged by the European Union as a PDO (Protected Domain of Origin). See our full page about Greek retsina.
Metaxa Bottles on Samos
Metaxa is a common after-dinner drink, which people refer to as Greek brandy, though this isn’t strictly the case. It’s a good way to convey what kind of a drink it is. It was originally referred to as Greek cognac, until cognac-makers came up with a definition of cognac, so Metaxa (which is the family name of the original maker) described itself instead as a brandy, which wasn’t then strictly defined. Later, though, the rules for calling yourself brandy were laid down, and Metaxa didn’t meet the requirements so it became… just Metaxa.
In fact in international competitions Metaxa is in a class of its own as it doesn’t fit into any official categories. It’s a dark spirit that’s distilled at the Metaxa Distillery in Athens, then blended with wine from Samos grapes, with added herbs and other secret ingredients. One known ingredient is rose petals, as someone once observed them being delivered to the distillery, so that little secret was out! It isn’t hard to tell, though, as Metaxa does have a fresh and floral taste as part of its overall complex flavour. Think of it as a brandy/liqueur/digestif kind of drink that is distinctly Greek, and do try a glass after dinner.
It’s common to leave a restaurant/taverna after a meal and move on to a bar or café for a Metaxa (or two) and maybe a dessert or some fresh fruit. Metaxa comes at different prices and, naturally, different qualities. The most common are 5-star, 7-star, and 12-star, with a few special (and expensive) limited editions. The more stars, the better, is a good rule-of-thumb, although even 5-star Metaxa is a delicious and smooth drink. Try a Metaxa cocktail, too. And read our full page all about Metaxa.
Raki or tsikoudia is the after-dinner drink of choice on Crete, where it originated. It’s a spirit distilled from the bits of the grape that are left over from the wine-making process. Waste not, want not. It’s so common that many tavernas and restaurants give customers a complimentary glass at the end of a meal. Quality and strength varies enormously and it can be anything from a standard 40% ABV (like ouzo) to an eye-watering 65%. Our advice is knock it back and hope for the best!
Tsipouro is a similar drink to raki that is made widely on the Greek mainland, the main difference being that it rarely exceeds 40-45% ABV in strength, and doesn’t get up to the high-octane alcohol content that it can do on Crete.
Rakomelo is a drink made in several places in Greece but notably on Crete, which is where we met a rakomelo-maker.
See Greece describes the Greek island of Psara, close to Chios in the North-East Aegean, from its history to its natural beauty, & how to get there.
Psara
Psara is a small, rugged island located in the northeastern Aegean Sea, not far from Chios. Despite its modest size—approximately 44 square kilometers—Psara holds a significant place in Greek history and culture. The island is situated northwest of the island of Chios and is part of the Chios regional unit.
With a population of just a few hundred inhabitants, Psara is a quiet, serene destination that offers visitors a glimpse into traditional Greek island life, untouched by mass tourism. Its dramatic landscapes, rich history, and strong maritime traditions make it a unique and compelling place to explore.
Psara’s Historical Significance
Psara is perhaps best known for its pivotal role in the Greek War of Independence (1821–1829). The island was a major naval power during the early 19th century, with a fleet of over 40 ships that played a crucial role in the struggle against Ottoman rule. The Psariots, as the island’s inhabitants are called, were renowned for their bravery and seamanship.
However, their defiance came at a great cost. In 1824, the island suffered a devastating massacre by Ottoman forces, who sought to crush the rebellion. Thousands of Psariots were killed, and many others were forced to flee, leaving the island nearly deserted. This tragic event is commemorated annually, and the island’s history is a source of pride and sorrow for Greeks.
The island’s heroic past is immortalized in Greek literature and poetry, most notably in the works of Dionysios Solomos, Greece’s national poet, who wrote about the devastation of Psara in his famous poem “The Destruction of Psara.” The island’s resilience and sacrifice have become symbols of the Greek spirit and the fight for freedom.
Psara’s Natural Beauty and Landscape
Psara’s landscape is characterized by its wild, untamed beauty. The island is rocky and mountainous, with steep cliffs plunging into the deep blue Aegean Sea. Its coastline is dotted with secluded coves and pristine beaches, such as Lazareta, Kato Gialos, and Limnos, which are perfect for swimming and relaxation. The lack of large-scale development has preserved the island’s natural charm, making it an ideal destination for those seeking tranquility and a connection with nature.
The island’s interior is equally attractive, with rolling hills, terraced fields, and scattered chapels. The traditional village of Psara, located on the eastern side of the island, is the main settlement and serves as the island’s port. Its whitewashed houses, narrow alleys, and picturesque harbor have a timeless charm. The village is dominated by the Church of Agios Nikolaos, a beautiful blue-domed church that stands as a symbol of the island’s faith and resilience.
Psara’s Maritime Traditions
Psara’s maritime heritage is deeply ingrained in its culture. For centuries, the island’s inhabitants have been skilled sailors and shipbuilders, relying on the sea for their livelihood. Even today, fishing and boatbuilding remain important aspects of local life. The island’s maritime museum, though small, offers insights into Psara’s seafaring history, showcasing artifacts, models of ships, and historical documents.
Modern-Day Psara
Today, Psara is a peaceful retreat for those looking to escape the hustle and bustle of modern life. The island’s small population ensures a close-knit community, and visitors are often struck by the warmth and hospitality of the locals. Life on Psara moves at a slow pace, dictated by the rhythms of nature and the sea. There are few amenities, but this is part of the island’s appeal—it is a place to disconnect, reflect, and immerse oneself in the simplicity of island living.
Getting to Psara
Once you arrive in Chios, you will need to take a ferry to Psara. The ferry service to Psara is operated by local boats and is less frequent than routes to more popular destinations. The journey from Chios to Psara takes about 2.5 to 4 hours, depending on the type of vessel and weather conditions.
Ferry Schedule: Ferry schedules to Psara are limited, especially outside the summer season. During the peak tourist season (June to September), there are usually a few departures per week. It’s essential to check the schedule in advance and book your tickets early, as the ferries can fill up quickly.
Departure Point: Ferries to Psara typically depart from the main port of Chios Town.
Alternative Routes: While Chios is the most common gateway to Psara, there are occasional ferry connections from other nearby islands, such as Lesvos or Samos, depending on the season and availability. However, these routes are less frequent and may require additional planning.
The ten best places to visit in Greece include Athens, Thessaloniki, the Greek islands of Crete, Mykonos and Santorini, and sites like Epidavros and Delphi.
Meteora
The ten best places to visit in Greece inevitably overlaps a little with our Top Ten Things to Do in Greece page, but there are some differences. For example, Athens is one of the best places to visit but seeing he Acropolis and Parthenon are among the best things to do. As another example, Crete is among our best places to visit but seeing Knossos and hiking the Samaria Gorge are among our top ten things to do.
Ten Best Places to Visit in Greece (in Alphabetical Order)
Athens
The Greek capital, Athens, would be number one in whatever order you listed the best places to visit in Greece. It makes a great weekend break destination, but a few days more is even better, to give you time to visit the Acropolis, the Acropolis Museum, and the National Archaeological Museum, just for starters. We’ve sometimes spent weeks in Athens when researching guidebooks and stories, and have never run out of things to see and do. Be warned, though, that some people don’t take to Athens. It is noisy and busy, like any big city, and in summer it can be unbearably hot. But we love it. See our Athens page for more ideas.
Crete
Crete is different, there’s no doubt about it. It’s the biggest Greek island, and the most southerly of the main islands. The people say they are Cretans first and Greeks second, while the wonderful hospitality you find throughout Greece is doubled on Crete.
Crete also offers something for everyone. You can find busy beach resorts if that’s your thing, or quiet beaches if you prefer. There are dramatic mountain ranges, and deep gorges for hiking, like the Samaria Gorge. There are numerous important archaeological sites like Knossos and Phaistos, and there’s some of the finest food and wine in the country. What more could you ask? See our Crete page for more information.
Delphi
You can visit Delphi on a day trip from Athens, and if you have the time to do it then you definitely should. It’s the most important archaeological site in Greece, and as well as being historically fascinating it’s set in a beautiful location in the Parnassus Mountains, with sweeping views over miles of olive groves all the way down to the Gulf of Corinth. See our full page all about Delphi.
Epidavros
It’s hard to choose between the many significant archaeological sites in the Peloponnese, like Mycenae and Ancient Olympia, but this time we’re choosing Epidavros. We had to miss it off our list of the Top Ten Things to Do, choosing Ancient Olympia instead, so let’s redress the balance. The ancient theatre at Epidavros is a remarkable sight, dating back to the 4th century BC. Remarkably, it is still used today, for performances every summer during the Athens and Epidavros Festival.
Meteora
There’s probably no more remarkable sight in Greece than the twisted rock formations that jut out of the Plain of Thessaly, and with the monasteries of Meteora built onto and into them.
Mykonos
It’s hard to choose individual Greek islands when they all have such different characteristics. Do we choose a personal favourite like little Symi, or somewhere fascinating like Corfu? They’re both contenders for a list of best Greek islands, but instead we let other Greek visitors make the choice and have opted for Mykonos. It’s undoubtedly lovely, and as one of the most popular of all Greek islands in terms of visitor numbers, it clearly has lots to offer. See our Mykonos page for more information.
Nafplion
The former Greek capital, Nafplion, on the Peloponnese, is definitely a personal favourite. It’s beautiful, charming, with a lovely waterside location, and it’s small enough for you to feel you’re getting to know it well. There are a few small but interesting museums, a couple of old fortresses (and a third on an offshore island), and good dining and shopping. See our Nafplion page to learn more.
Pindus Mountains
If you like outdoors Greece and have a sense of adventure, then you could easily spend a week or two in the Pindus Mountains. There’s terrific hiking, including the Vikos Gorge, and there are characterful old mountain villages. There are also, after Mount Olympus, some of the highest mountains in the country.
Santorini
We’ve yet to meet anyone who hasn’t fallen in love at first sight with Santorini. As soon as you see those whitewashed villages clinging to the slopes of what was once a volcanic crater, you can’t fail to be charmed. As you stay longer you discover what there is to do on Santorini, and fall in love even more. Little wonder that it is one of the most visited of all the Greek islands, despite its fairly small size. See our Santorini page for more details.
Thessaloniki
Greece’s second city has never been too much on the radar of visitors from overseas, which only adds to its appeal. You might visit for a day if you were having a beach holiday on nearby Halkidiki, but otherwise why would you choose a city break in Thessaloniki when you could go to Athens? There are lots of reasons, and if you have already visited Athens then give a thought to Thessaloniki. See our Thessaloniki page for more information.
That, then, is our list of the ten best places to visit in Greece. There really has to be something for everyone there!
See Greece visits the archaeological site of Ancient Avdira (or Abdera) in Western Thrace near the Nestos Valley.
Ancient Avdira in Thrace
The Archaeological Site of Ancient Avdira in Thrace
Introduction
Nestled in the region of Thrace in northeastern Greece, the city of Ancient Avdira (Greek: Άβδηρα) is an archaeological site of great historical significance. Known for its rich cultural heritage, Avdira flourished as a prominent Greek polis (city-state) during the Classical and Hellenistic periods. The site offers valuable insights into the political, economic, and artistic life of ancient Thrace, as well as its interactions with neighboring Greek colonies and indigenous Thracian tribes.
Historical Background of Ancient Avdira
Founding and Early History
Ancient Avdira was originally founded by colonists from the Ionian Greek city of Klazomenai (in Asia Minor) around the mid-7th century BCE. According to myth, the city was named after Abderus, a companion of the hero Heracles, who was said to have been killed by the man-eating horses of Diomedes, a Thracian king.
The city’s strategic location near the mouth of the Nestos River and its proximity to the Aegean Sea made it an important trade and cultural hub. Avdira quickly grew into a prosperous center, minting its own coins and engaging in commerce with other Greek cities and Thracian tribes.
Classical and Hellenistic Periods
During the 5th century BCE, Avdira reached its zenith, particularly under the influence of the nearby island of Thasos, which controlled several colonies in the region. The city became known for its intellectual contributions, most notably as the hometown of the philosopher Democritus (c. 460–370 BCE), the father of atomic theory.
In the 4th century BCE, Avdira came under the control of the Macedonian kingdom, first under Philip II and later his son, Alexander the Great. The city continued to thrive during the Hellenistic period, maintaining its autonomy while benefiting from the broader cultural exchanges of the era.
Roman and Byzantine Periods
Under Roman rule, Avdira remained an active urban center, though its importance gradually declined due to shifting trade routes and regional instability. By the Byzantine era, the city had diminished in significance, and it was eventually abandoned, likely due to barbarian invasions and economic decline.
Ancient Avdira in Thrace
Archaeological Discoveries
Urban Layout and Architecture
Excavations at Avdira have revealed a well-organized city with a typical Greek urban plan, featuring:
– Agora (Marketplace): The heart of public life, where political, commercial, and social activities took place.
– Temples and Sanctuaries: Dedicated to Greek deities such as Apollo and Dionysus, reflecting the city’s religious practices.
– Defensive Walls: Remnants of fortifications indicate the city’s need for protection against invasions.
– Residential Areas: Houses with courtyards and mosaic floors showcase the daily life of Avdira’s inhabitants.
Notable Finds
– Pottery and Inscriptions: Numerous ceramic artifacts, including imported Attic vases, highlight trade connections.
– Coinage: Avdira minted its own silver and bronze coins, often depicting mythological figures and local symbols.
– Sculptures and Reliefs: Marble statues and funerary stelae provide evidence of artistic development.
– Tombs and Burial Customs: Both Greek and Thracian burial practices have been identified, indicating cultural exchange.
The Necropolis
One of the most significant aspects of Avdira’s archaeology is its extensive necropolis. Excavations have uncovered a variety of burial styles, including:
– Cist Graves: Simple rectangular tombs lined with stone slabs.
– Macedonian-Type Tombs: Elaborate vaulted structures resembling those in northern Greece.
These findings suggest a blend of Greek and Thracian influences in death rituals.
Ancient Avdira in Thrace
Cultural and Intellectual Legacy of Ancient Avdira
Beyond its material remains, Avdira is remembered for its contributions to philosophy and science. Democritus, one of the most influential pre-Socratic philosophers, developed his theories on atomism here. His work laid the foundation for modern scientific thought, emphasizing that all matter consists of indivisible particles (atoma).
The city also appears in historical records as a place of learning and debate, attracting scholars and thinkers from across the Greek world.
Modern Exploration and Tourism at Ancient Avdira
Systematic excavations at Avdira began in the 20th century, led by Greek archaeologists. Today, the site is open to visitors, offering a glimpse into the life of an ancient Greek colony in Thrace. The nearby Archaeological Museum of Avdira displays many of the artifacts uncovered at the site, including pottery, jewelry, and sculptures.
How to Get to Avdira
The archaeological site of Ancient Avdira (Άβδηρα) is located in the region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace in northeastern Greece. Reaching the site requires some planning, as it is slightly off the typical tourist path. Below are the best ways to get there by car, public transport, or organized tours.
1. Location of Ancient Avdira
The ruins of Avdira are situated near the modern village of Avdira (Άβδηρα) in the Xanthi regional unit, close to the Nestos River Delta and the Aegean Sea.
The most convenient way to visit Avdira is by renting a car, as public transport options are limited.
From Thessaloniki (2.5–3 hours)
1. Take Egnatia Odos (A2 Highway) east toward Kavala/Xanthi.
2. Exit at Chrysoupoli and follow signs for Avdira via National Road 2.
3. Pass through Nea Kessani and continue toward the coastal village of Avdira.
4. The archaeological site is signposted near the modern village.
From Kavala (1–1.5 hours)
1. Drive west on National Road 2 (E90) toward Xanthi.
2. After ~50 km, turn right toward Nea Kessani and follow signs for Avdira.
From Xanthi (45 min–1 hour)
1. Take National Road 2 (E90) south toward Kavala.
2. Before reaching Nea Kessani, follow signs for Avdira.
Parking: Free parking is available near the archaeological site.
B. By Public Transport (Limited Options)
Since Avdira is a small village, public transport is infrequent. The best approach is to take a bus to Xanthi or Kavala and then a taxi.
From Thessaloniki
– Take a KTEL bus to Xanthi (~3 hours).
– From Xanthi, take a taxi to Avdira (~50 km, ~€50–€70 one way).
From Kavala
– Take a KTEL bus to Nea Kessani (~30 min).
– From Nea Kessani, take a taxi to Avdira (~10 km, ~€15–€20).
Note: Check KTEL schedules in advance, as buses may not run frequently.
C. By Organized Tour
Some travel agencies in Kavala, Xanthi, or Thessaloniki offer guided tours to Avdira, often combined with visits to:
– Maroneia (another ancient Thracian city)
– Nestos River Nature Reserve
– Porto Lagos (a scenic lagoon)
Check with local tour operators for availability.
Tips for Your Visit to Ancient Avdira
✅ Best Time to Visit: Spring or autumn (milder weather, fewer tourists).
✅ Wear Comfortable Shoes: The site involves walking on uneven terrain.
✅ Bring Water & Sun Protection: Limited shade available.
✅ Combine with Nearby Sites: Consider visiting Maroneia or Mesembria for a full ancient Thrace experience.
Ancient Avdira in Thrace
Conclusion
Ancient Avdira stands as a testament to the dynamic interactions between Greek colonists and Thracian populations. Its archaeological remains provide valuable information about urban development, trade, and cultural exchange in the northern Aegean. As research continues, Avdira’s legacy as a center of philosophy, commerce, and artistry remains an essential chapter in Greece’s historical narrative.
For historians and travelers alike, a visit to Avdira offers a fascinating journey into the past, where the echoes of Democritus’ atomic theories and the bustling life of a once-great city still resonate.
See Greece picks five of the best drives on Corfu, including Corfu Town to Paleokastritsa, around the south coast & a drive around Mount Pantokrator.
View from Mount Pantokrator on Corfu
Five of the Best Drives on Corfu
Corfu, the lush Ionian island known for its Venetian architecture, turquoise waters, and rolling green hills, is a paradise for road-trippers. With winding coastal roads, mountain passes, and charming villages, driving here is as much about the journey as the destination. Below are five of the best scenic drives on the island, each offering breathtaking views, cultural gems, and unforgettable experiences.
Paleokastritsa on Corfu
1. Corfu Town to Paleokastritsa (The West Coast Adventure)
Distance: ~25 km | Duration: ~45 minutes (without stops)
One of Corfu’s most famous routes takes you from the bustling capital to the stunning beaches of Paleokastritsa, a journey filled with postcard-perfect scenery.
Route Highlights:
– Start in Corfu Town, passing by the historic Liston Promenade and the Old Fortress.
– Head west through Gouvia, a popular marina town, before ascending into the hills.
– Stop at Bella Vista, a viewpoint offering panoramic views of the island’s west coast.
– Wind through olive groves and cypress trees before descending into Paleokastritsa, where turquoise bays and the Paleokastritsa Monastery await.
Why Drive It?
This route combines history, coastal beauty, and mountain scenery. The winding roads offer thrilling turns with rewarding vistas at every bend.
View from Mt Pantokrator on Corfu
2. Mount Pantokrator Circuit (The High Mountain Challenge)
Distance: ~50 km (loop) | Duration: ~2 hours (without stops)
For those who love mountain drives, the ascent to Mount Pantokrator (906m)—Corfu’s highest peak—is a must. The route starts near Acharavi in the north and loops around the mountain.
Route Highlights:
– Begin in Acharavi or Kassiopi, heading inland toward Old Perithia, Corfu’s oldest village.
– The steep, narrow road to the summit is an adventure, with hairpin turns and jaw-dropping views.
– At the top, visit the Pantokrator Monastery and enjoy a 360° view of Albania, the Ionian Sea, and much of Corfu.
– Descend toward Spartilas or Nissaki, passing through traditional villages.
Why Drive It?
This is Corfu’s most exhilarating drive, with dramatic elevation changes and some of the island’s best viewpoints.
Panorama from fortress of Kassiopi on Corfu
3. The Northeast Coast: Kassiopi to Kouloura (The Hidden Gems Route)
Distance: ~20 km | Duration: ~40 minutes (without stops)
The northeast coast is Corfu’s most exclusive and unspoiled region, with secluded coves and aristocratic estates.
Route Highlights:
– Start in Kassiopi, a charming fishing village with a Byzantine castle.
– Follow the coastal road south, passing Kalami, where author Lawrence Durrell once lived (his White House is now a taverna).
– Continue to Agni Bay, a tiny pebble beach with excellent seafood tavernas.
– End in Kouloura, a peaceful bay with crystal-clear waters.
Why Drive It?
This drive is peaceful, luxurious, and full of hidden beaches perfect for a quiet swim.
4. The South Coast: Corfu Town to Lefkimi (The Scenic Seaside Route)
Distance: ~40 km | Duration: ~1 hour (without stops)
The southern part of Corfu is less touristy, offering long sandy beaches, salt marshes, and traditional villages.
Route Highlights:
– Depart from Corfu Town, heading south along the coast.
– Pass Benitses, once a fishing village, now a relaxed resort.
– Stop at Lake Korission, a stunning lagoon with dunes and wild flamingos.
– Continue to Boukaris Beach near Lefkimi for a quiet seaside escape.
Why Drive It?
This route showcases Corfu’s diverse landscapes—from wetlands to long sandy beaches—without the crowds.
5. The Central Villages: Pelekas to Sinarades (The Traditional Heartland)
Distance: ~30 km (loop) | Duration: ~1 hour (without stops)
For an authentic taste of rural Corfu, this drive takes you through olive groves, vineyards, and timeless villages.
Route Highlights:
– Start in Pelekas, known for its sunset views from Kaiser’s Throne.
– Drive through Sinarades, a traditional village with a fascinating folklore museum.
– Pass by Gastouri, home to the Achilleion Palace, Empress Sisi’s neoclassical retreat.
– End in Vatos or Skripero, where old stone houses and family-run tavernas await.
Why Drive It?
This is the best way to experience Corfu’s countryside, rich in history and local culture.
Final Tips for Driving on Corfu
– Road Conditions: Many roads are narrow and winding—drive cautiously.
– Fuel Up: Gas stations can be sparse in rural areas.
– Parking: Easy in villages but challenging in tourist hotspots like Paleokastritsa.
– Take Your Time: The best stops are often unplanned—pull over for photos and impromptu swims!
Whether you seek coastal beauty, mountain thrills, or cultural charm, these five drives showcase the very best of Corfu. Happy road-tripping! 🚗💨
Athens’ Benaki Museum is one of the city’s top museums with an outstanding collection, especially of Greek and Egyptian artefacts, in a beautiful mansion.
Owl Bracelet in the Benaki Museum in Athens
The Benaki Museum, nestled in the heart of Athens, Greece, stands as a pivotal cultural institution, offering visitors a rich and comprehensive journey through the country’s vibrant history and artistic heritage, while also extending its gaze to neighboring cultures.
History of the Benaki Museum
Founded by Antonis Benakis in 1930, the museum was originally housed in the family’s neoclassical mansion on Vasilissis Sofias Avenue. Benakis, a passionate collector and philanthropist, envisioned a museum that would not only showcase Greek art and culture but also serve as a bridge between East and West, reflecting Greece’s unique geographical and historical position.
Main Benaki Museum Building
The main building on Vasilissis Sofias Avenue remains the museum’s central hub and houses its most extensive collection, tracing the evolution of Greek civilization from the prehistoric era to the 20th century. This core collection is meticulously organized, guiding the visitor through millennia of history and artistic expression.
The journey begins with artifacts from the Prehistoric period, including Neolithic pottery and tools, offering glimpses into the earliest settlements and cultures that flourished on Greek soil.
Moving forward, the collection delves into the Ancient Greek period, featuring exquisite examples of pottery, sculpture, and metalwork from the Geometric, Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic eras. These pieces not only demonstrate the technical mastery of ancient craftsmen but also provide invaluable insights into the daily life, beliefs, and societal structures of ancient Greece.
The Adoration of the Magi by El Greco In the Benaki Museum in Athens
The Roman and Byzantine Periods
The Roman period in Greece is also well-represented, illustrating the cultural exchange and continuity that characterized this era. The collection transitions seamlessly into the Byzantine period, a cornerstone of the Benaki Museum’s holdings. Here, visitors can admire a stunning array of icons, manuscripts, textiles, and decorative arts that reflect the spiritual depth and artistic sophistication of the Byzantine Empire. T
he collection highlights the enduring legacy of Byzantine art and its profound influence on subsequent artistic developments in the region. Following the fall of Constantinople, the museum’s exhibits explore the Post-Byzantine period, showcasing the resilience of Greek culture under Ottoman rule. This section features religious art, folk costumes, and everyday objects that speak to the preservation of Greek identity and traditions during this challenging time.
Greek War of Independence
Death of Markos Botsaris by Marsigli Filippo In the Benaki Museum in Athens
The journey continues into the Neo-Hellenic period, covering the years leading up to and following the Greek War of Independence in 1821. This part of the collection includes historical artifacts, portraits of national heroes, and examples of the emerging artistic styles that reflected Greece’s newfound independence and its connection to Western European movements.
20th Century Exhibits
Finally, the main building’s collection concludes with exhibits from the 20th century, featuring paintings, sculptures, and other artworks by prominent Greek artists, bringing the narrative of Greek art and history up to more recent times. The breadth and depth of this collection make the main Benaki Museum an essential starting point for understanding the multifaceted tapestry of Greek culture.
Benaki Museum Outposts
Beyond its central location, the Benaki Museum has expanded its reach through a network of satellite galleries and museums, each dedicated to specific collections or themes. This decentralized structure allows the museum to showcase its diverse holdings more effectively and provide more focused visitor experiences.
Benaki Museum of Islamic Art
Benaki Museum of Islamic Art
Among these outposts, the Benaki Museum of Islamic Art stands out as a particularly significant institution, highlighting the rich cultural interactions between Greece and the Islamic world throughout history.
Housed in a beautifully restored neoclassical building in the historic Kerameikos area of Athens, the Benaki Museum of Islamic Art is a testament to the artistic achievements of Islamic civilizations from the 7th to the 19th centuries.
The collection, one of the most important in the world, spans a vast geographical area, including regions from Spain and North Africa to the Middle East, Persia, and India. The exhibits are arranged chronologically and thematically, guiding visitors through the development of Islamic art across different dynasties and cultural centers.
The collection features an impressive array of artifacts, including exquisite ceramics with intricate geometric patterns and calligraphic inscriptions, finely crafted metalwork such as astrolabes and ewers, delicate textiles and carpets, and illuminated manuscripts and miniatures. Highlights include rare examples of early Islamic pottery, intricate Mamluk metalwork, and vibrant Ottoman tiles.
The museum’s setting, within a traditional Athenian mansion with internal courtyards, provides a serene and atmospheric backdrop for viewing these remarkable objects. The Benaki Museum of Islamic Art serves as a vital reminder of the shared history and artistic exchange between Greece and its eastern neighbors, challenging simplistic narratives and fostering a deeper appreciation for the interconnectedness of cultures.
Other Branches
While the Islamic Art Museum is a major outpost, the Benaki Museum complex includes several other notable branches, each contributing to the museum’s mission of preserving and presenting diverse aspects of culture.
The Ghika Gallery, located in the former home of the renowned Greek artist Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghika, is dedicated to 20th-century Greek art, focusing on the intellectual and artistic circles of the period.
The Pireos Street Annex, a modern industrial space, hosts temporary exhibitions, showcasing contemporary art and cultural events. The Benaki Museum of Toys, housed in a charming building in the Faliro area, delights visitors with its extensive collection of toys, games, and childhood artifacts from Greece and around the world.
The Delta House, the former residence of Antonis Benakis’s sister, Penelope Delta, a celebrated children’s author, is another historical property under the museum’s care, often used for cultural events and educational programs.
Collectively, the Benaki Museum and its outposts form a dynamic and multifaceted cultural institution. They not only serve as custodians of invaluable historical and artistic treasures but also play an active role in the cultural life of Athens and Greece. Through its permanent collections, temporary exhibitions, educational programs, and research activities, the Benaki Museum contributes significantly to the understanding and appreciation of Greek culture in its broader historical and geographical context.
It stands as a vital link to the past, a vibrant center for the present, and a beacon for the future of cultural heritage in Greece. A visit to the Benaki Museum complex offers an unparalleled opportunity to delve deep into the soul of Greece and explore its fascinating connections with the wider world.
See Greece suggests what to do on a rainy day in Athens, including its many fine museums, attractions for children, and making use of its cafes and metro system.
Making the Most of a Rainy Day in Athens
Athens, the historic heart of Greece, is renowned for its abundant sunshine, blue skies, and its indoor and outdoor archaeological wonders. Visitors flock from around the globe, eager to walk in the footsteps of ancient philosophers and marvel at structures like the Parthenon bathed in golden light. But what happens when the typically benevolent Greek weather takes a turn, and the rain begins to fall?
But don’t worry! A rainy day in Athens is far from a day lost. Instead, it presents a wonderful opportunity to delve into the city’s equally rich indoor offerings, from world-class museums housing millennia of history and art to unique attractions perfect for families. While slippery marble steps might make exploring the ancient sites less advisable, the capital city transforms, inviting you to discover its cultural depth and cozy corners.
The Athenian Indoor Scene
When the rain starts, Athenians instinctively head indoors, often to the nearest kafeneio (traditional coffee house) or a modern cafe. Adopting this local custom is a perfect starting point for your rainy-day itinerary. The city is brimming with cafes, from grand establishments with high ceilings to small, tucked-away spots, offering a warm refuge from the weather. Sip on a strong Greek coffee, enjoy a pastry, or simply watch the world go by from a dry vantage point. It’s a simple pleasure that connects you to the rhythm of Athenian life, rain or shine.
Beyond the inviting cafes, Athens boasts a wealth of indoor activities that can easily fill a day or more. It’s a chance to shift your focus from the ancient stones of the Acropolis to the treasures preserved within the city’s numerous museums and entertainment venues.
Athens’ World-Class Museums: An Athens Rainy Day Sanctuary
Athens is home to some of the most important museums in the world, offering unparalleled insights into Greek history, art, and culture. A rainy day provides the perfect excuse to spend hours exploring their vast collections at a leisurely pace, without that guilty feeling that you really ought to be outdoors.
The Acropolis Museum
Undoubtedly, the Acropolis Museum is a must-visit, rain or shine. Located just below the Acropolis, this modern architectural marvel is specifically designed to house the artifacts found on the sacred rock and its surrounding slopes. Its layout tells the story of the Acropolis through different historical periods, culminating in the stunning top-floor gallery which houses the surviving Parthenon marbles.
The building itself is a work of art, with glass floors revealing ongoing archaeological excavations beneath your feet. On a rainy day, the museum offers breathtaking, yet dry, views of the Acropolis itself through its panoramic windows, providing a unique perspective on the unique landmark. They often have excellent temporary exhibitions as well, adding another option to your visit.
The National Archaeological Museum is another essential stop and a fantastic option for a rainy day due to its sheer size and the breadth of its collection. As the largest archaeological museum in Greece, it houses over 11,000 exhibits, offering a comprehensive journey through Greek civilization from prehistory to late antiquity. You could easily spend an entire day here, wandering through galleries filled with stunning sculptures like the Mask of Agamemnon, intricate pottery, delicate jewelry, and everyday objects that bring the ancient world to life. It’s a deep dive into the foundations of Western civilization, providing context for the outdoor sites you might visit later (or have already seen).
For a slightly different focus, the Museum of Cycladic Art offers a fascinating look at the ancient cultures of the Aegean, with a particular emphasis on the minimalist marble figurines from the Cycladic islands. These abstract, elegant figures are striking in their modernity and offer a unique perspective on prehistoric Aegean art. The museum also houses collections of ancient Greek art (from the Bronze Age to the Roman period) and Cypriot art, making it a diverse and engaging cultural stop.
Benaki Museum of Islamic Art
The Benaki Museum is unique in that it encompasses a wide range of Greek culture and history across several locations. The main building, the Benaki Museum of Greek Culture, offers a sweeping panorama from prehistoric times through the Ottoman period and into the 20th century, showcasing everything from historical artifacts and traditional costumes to paintings and sculptures. Visiting the Benaki provides a broader understanding of the evolution of Greek identity. Other Benaki branches, like the Museum of Islamic Art or the Ghika Gallery (focusing on 20th-century Greek art), can also be excellent indoor options depending on your interests. See our full page on The Benaki Museum.
For a more niche, but incredibly engaging experience, especially for those interested in ancient innovation, the Museum of Ancient Greek Technology Kostas Kotsanas is a hidden gem. This museum showcases working models of ancient Greek inventions, from automata and astronomical instruments to medical tools and even an ancient alarm clock. It’s highly interactive and provides a tangible link to the ingenuity of ancient Greek minds.
While perhaps not a traditional historical museum, the Museum of Illusions Athens offers a fun and mind-bending experience perfect for escaping the rain. Filled with interactive exhibits, optical illusions, and perplexing installations, it’s a place where perception is challenged and laughter is guaranteed. It’s a popular choice for families and offers great photo opportunities.
A Rainy Day in Athens with Kids
Keeping children entertained on a rainy day in a foreign city can be a challenge, but Athens has several excellent indoor options that cater specifically to younger visitors.
Many of the museums mentioned above are also great for kids, especially with a bit of planning. The Acropolis Museum often runs family-friendly programs and has exhibits designed to engage children, like the gallery with the Caryatids. The interactive nature of the Museum of Ancient Greek Technology Kostas Kotsanas makes it a big hit with inquisitive young minds, allowing them to see and often operate models of ancient machines. And, as mentioned, the Museum of Illusions is pure fun and guaranteed to capture their imagination.
Athens also has a dedicated Children’s Museum. While its target age range is generally younger (preschool to early elementary), it offers hands-on exhibits and play areas designed to stimulate creativity and learning through play. It’s a safe and engaging environment for little ones to burn off some energy indoors.
The Eugenides Foundation Planetarium, located a short taxi or bus ride from the city center, offers immersive dome-screen shows about space and astronomy. This is a fantastic option for older children and teenagers, providing both entertainment and educational value in a comfortable, indoor setting.
Consider looking into indoor play centers or creative workshops. While not as widely advertised as the main attractions, there are often local options available. Some art studios and cultural centers offer drop-in classes or workshops in pottery, painting, or traditional Greek crafts that can be a memorable and dry way to spend an afternoon.
Beyond Museums: Other Indoor Pursuits
Athens offers more than just museums for a rainy day. If you’re looking for some retail therapy, Ermou Street, the main shopping street, is partially covered by awnings in some sections, and department stores or the city’s shopping malls like Golden Hall or The Mall Athens (reachable by metro) offer a completely dry shopping experience with a wide range of international and Greek brands.
For a truly relaxing experience, consider visiting a traditional Greek hammam. These bathhouses offer a rejuvenating escape from the weather, with steam rooms, massages, and other treatments. It’s a chance to unwind and experience a different aspect of Greek culture.
Food lovers can also turn a rainy day into a culinary adventure. Explore the Varvakios Agora, Athens’ bustling central market (parts of which are covered). While it can still be a bit wet around the edges (and around the fish stalls!), the vibrant atmosphere and incredible array of fresh produce, meats, and seafood offer a sensory experience.
Finally, take advantage of the Athens Metro. Many of the central metro stations, such as Syntagma, Monastiraki, and Acropoli, function as mini-museums, displaying archaeological finds discovered during their construction. It’s a practical and fascinating way to travel between indoor destinations while still getting a dose of history.
Practical Tips for a Rainy Day in Athens
When navigating Athens in the rain, comfortable, waterproof shoes are essential, as are an umbrella and a light waterproof jacket. The marble surfaces around the ancient sites and in some parts of the city can become very slippery, so do take special care. Utilize the efficient Athens Metro system to get around; it connects many key areas and attractions and keeps you dry between stops. Taxis are also readily available, though traffic can be heavier when it rains.
In conclusion, while rain might initially seem like a setback in a city famous for its outdoor historical sites, it simply opens the door to exploring the equally captivating indoor world of Athens. From delving into millennia of history and art in its magnificent museums to finding fun and engaging activities for the whole family, a rainy day in Athens is an opportunity to experience the city’s diverse cultural landscape and cozy up in its welcoming indoor spaces. So, grab your umbrella and embrace the chance to see a different, yet equally enchanting, side of this ancient capital.
See Greece picks the ten best films set in Greece with locations to visit including Athens, Meteora, Mykonos, Crete and Santorini.
Greece, with its ancient history, stunning islands, and dramatic landscapes, has long been a captivating backdrop for filmmakers. From timeless classics to modern blockbusters, these films not only tell compelling stories but also showcase the beauty and culture of Greece to the world.
Ten Best Films Set in Greece
Here are ten of the best films set in Greece, each offering a unique glimpse into this enchanting country.
1. Zorba the Greek (1964)
Director: Michael Cacoyannis
Stars: Anthony Quinn, Alan Bates, Irene Papas, Lila Kedrova
Based on the novel by Nikos Kazantzakis, this iconic film tells the story of Basil, a buttoned-up English writer who travels to Crete to reopen a disused lignite mine. There, he meets Alexis Zorba, a larger-than-life, free-spirited peasant who teaches him about the joys and sorrows of life through music, dance, and a passionate embrace of the present moment. Their contrasting personalities lead to both humorous and poignant situations as they navigate the challenges of the mine, the local community, and their own inner struggles. The film is celebrated for its powerful performances, particularly Anthony Quinn’s portrayal of Zorba, and its unforgettable sirtaki dance sequence.
Specific Locations: The film was primarily shot on the island of Crete. Visitors can explore the city of Chania and the village of Kokkino Chorio in the Apokoronas region. The famous dance scene was filmed on Stavros Beach in the Akrotiri peninsula.
This joyful musical, based on the songs of ABBA, is set on the fictional Greek island of Kalokairi. The story follows Sophie, a young woman about to get married, who secretly invites three men from her mother Donna’s past to the island, hoping to discover which one is her father. As the wedding approaches, secrets are revealed, relationships are tested, and the island comes alive with vibrant song and dance. The film is a celebration of family, friendship, and finding your own destiny, all set against the breathtaking backdrop of the Greek islands.
Specific Locations: While Kalokairi is fictional, the film was primarily shot on the islands of Skopelos and Skiathos in the Sporades. Key locations include the stunning Agios Ioannis Chapel, where the wedding takes place, and Kastani Beach on Skopelos. Some scenes were also filmed in the seaside village of Damouchari in Pelion on the mainland.
The third film in the “Before” trilogy, Before Midnight reunites Jesse and Céline almost two decades after their first meeting. Now a couple with twin daughters, they are vacationing in the Peloponnese region of Greece. The film follows them over the course of a single day as they walk, talk, and grapple with the realities of long-term relationships, love, and the passage of time. Through their raw and honest conversations, the film offers a poignant and often humorous exploration of the complexities of adult life and enduring romance.
Specific Locations: The film was shot in the Messenia region of the Peloponnese. Visitors can visit Kardamyli, a picturesque coastal village, and explore the area around the historic home of authors Patrick and Joan Leigh Fermor, where much of the film is set.
Stars: Nicolas Cage, Penélope Cruz, John Hurt, Christian Bale
Set on the Greek island of Kefalonia during World War II, the film tells the story of a forbidden romance between Pelagia, a spirited Greek woman, and Captain Antonio Corelli, a charismatic Italian officer who is part of the occupying forces. Despite the war raging around them and the deep-seated animosity between the Greeks and the Italians, their love blossoms amidst the stunning island scenery. The film explores themes of love, war, loyalty, and the resilience of the human spirit in the face of adversity.
Specific Locations: The film was extensively shot on the island of Kefalonia. Visitors can see locations like the village of Sami, which was partly rebuilt for the film, and the beautiful Antisamos Beach.
Stars: Amber Tamblyn, America Ferrera, Blake Lively, Alexis Bledel
This heartwarming film follows the story of four best friends who are about to spend their first summer apart. They find a magical pair of jeans that fits each of them perfectly and decide to share them, sending the pants to each girl as they embark on their separate adventures. One of the storylines follows Lena, a shy artist, who spends the summer with her grandparents in a small village in Greece. There, she experiences a cultural awakening and finds romance, with the breathtaking landscapes of the Cycladic islands serving as a stunning backdrop to her journey of self-discovery.
Specific Locations: Lena’s storyline was filmed on the island of Santorini. Visitors can explore the iconic white-washed villages clinging to the cliffs, like Oia, and enjoy the stunning caldera views.
This charming comedy-drama tells the story of Shirley Valentine, a lonely Liverpudlian housewife who feels trapped in her mundane life. When her friend wins a trip to Greece, Shirley impulsively decides to go along, leaving behind her husband and routine. On the island of Mykonos, she finds herself and rediscovers her zest for life, particularly through her interactions with a taverna owner. The film is a touching and funny portrayal of one woman’s journey to liberation and self-acceptance in a beautiful foreign land.
Specific Locations: The film was primarily shot on the island of Mykonos. The beach where much of Shirley’s transformation takes place is Agios Ioannis beach.
Stars: Jean-Marc Barr, Jean Reno, Rosanna Arquette
This visually stunning film is a fictionalized portrayal of the rivalry and friendship between two legendary free divers, Jacques Mayol and Enzo Molinari. While the film spans various locations, a significant portion of it is set in Greece, particularly on the island of Amorgos. The film captures the intense passion and dedication of free diving, as well as the profound connection between the divers and the ocean. The underwater cinematography and the dramatic Greek coastline create a truly immersive experience.
Specific Locations: Several scenes were filmed on the island of Amorgos. Visitors can find locations like the Monastery of Panagia Hozoviotissa, dramatically built into a cliff face, and explore the coastline that featured in the diving sequences, such as Agia Anna beach.
This James Bond adventure sees 007 on a mission to recover a top-secret British missile command system before it falls into the wrong hands. The mission takes him to various locations, including a significant portion set in Greece. Bond navigates the treacherous terrain of the Meteora monasteries and the beautiful island of Corfu as he races against time. The Greek locations provide a dramatic and memorable backdrop for the film’s action sequences.
Specific Locations: Key Greek filming locations include the stunning clifftop monasteries of Meteora, particularly the Monastery of the Holy Trinity (Agia Triada), and various sites on the island of Corfu, including Corfu Town and the Achillion Palace.
Georgia is a disillusioned Greek-American tour guide working in Greece. She leads a ragtag group of eccentric tourists around ancient ruins, feeling stuck in a rut. However, as she guides the group, she begins to see the beauty of her homeland through their eyes and finds unexpected romance and a renewed sense of purpose. The film is a charming and humorous exploration of rediscovering one’s roots and finding happiness in unexpected places, showcasing some of Greece’s most famous historical sites.
Specific Locations: The film features many iconic Greek archaeological sites. Visitors can visit the Acropolis in Athens, the ancient site of Olympia, and the ancient theatre of Epidaurus, all of which were filming locations.
Stars: Viggo Mortensen, Kirsten Dunst, Oscar Isaac
Based on the Patricia Highsmith novel, this stylish thriller is set in 1962 and follows a wealthy American couple, Chester and Colette MacFarland, who are traveling through Greece. They encounter Rydal, a young American expatriate working as a tour guide, who becomes entangled in their affairs when a detective investigating Chester shows up. A crime is committed, and the three are forced to go on the run across the Greek landscape, their relationships becoming increasingly strained and complex. The film uses the stunning Greek scenery to enhance the atmosphere of suspense and intrigue.
Specific Locations: The film was shot in various locations across Greece, including Athens and the island of Crete. In Crete, specific filming took place in Chania and Heraklion.
These ten films offer a diverse cinematic journey through Greece, highlighting its varied landscapes, rich history, and vibrant culture. Watching them can serve as a wonderful prelude to a trip to Greece or a nostalgic reminder of a past visit, allowing viewers to experience the magic of the country from their own homes.
